let, const, and avoiding var
let and const basics, why to avoid var, block scope, and a gentle intro to the temporal dead zone (TDZ).
let, const, and avoiding var is a free JavaScript Academy lesson on CoddyKit — lesson 1 of 3. You can read the complete lesson below for free — then practise it hands-on in the browser with a built-in code editor and a 24/7 AI tutor. It is part of the JavaScript Academy learning path, one of 3 lessons in the course, and your progress syncs across the web and the CoddyKit app.
Intro
Goal: Use let and const confidently, avoid legacy var, and understand block scope and TDZ.
- let vs const
- Block scope
- TDZ safety

let vs const basics
Rule: Use const unless you plan to reassign; otherwise choose let.
// Prefer const by default; use let when you need to reassign
const appName = "CoddyKit";
// cannot reassign
let score = 0;
// can reassign
score = score + 1;
console.log("App:", appName);
console.log("Score:", score);

Why avoid var
Avoid var because:
- It is function-scoped, not block-scoped.
- It is hoisted and can read as undefined before declaration.
- It makes refactors harder and less predictable.

Block scope demo
Block scope helps keep variables local and your code tidy.
// Block scope: variables exist only inside the braces
let lives = 3;
if (true) {
const bonus = 10;
// only inside this block
let level = 2;
// only inside this block
console.log("Inside:", bonus, level);
}
console.log("Lives:", lives);
// The following would be ReferenceError if uncommented:
// console.log(bonus, level);

TDZ (safe demo)
TDZ: A let/const variable cannot be read before its declaration line; this prevents many bugs.
// TDZ: accessing let/const before declaration throws ReferenceError
try {
// Uncommenting next line would throw:
// console.log(theme);
// ReferenceError (TDZ)
let theme = "dark";
console.log("Theme after declare:", theme);
} catch (e) {
console.log("Caught:", e.message);
}

Naming & tips
Naming:
- Use clear nouns for data (userName, score).
- Use verbs for functions (computeTotal).
- Keep scope tight; declare close to usage.

let vs const quiz
Quick check: Block scope and reassignment.

Recap
Recap: Prefer const, use let when you must reassign, avoid var. Block scope keeps variables local, and TDZ guards against early access bugs.

Frequently asked questions
Is the “let, const, and avoiding var” lesson free?
Yes — the full text of “let, const, and avoiding var” is free to read here on the web, and the JavaScript Academy course includes 3 lessons in total. To practise it interactively (a built-in code editor and a 24/7 AI tutor) and unlock the rest of the JavaScript Academy course, upgrade to CoddyKit PRO.
What will I learn in “let, const, and avoiding var”?
let and const basics, why to avoid var, block scope, and a gentle intro to the temporal dead zone (TDZ). You practise JavaScript Academy with hands-on code you run directly in the browser, and a 24/7 AI tutor answers your questions as you work through the lesson.
Do I need any experience to start JavaScript Academy?
No prior experience is required. JavaScript Academy on CoddyKit is structured for beginners through advanced learners; this is — lesson 1 of 3, so you can start here or from the beginning and move at your own pace.
How long does the “let, const, and avoiding var” lesson take?
Most CoddyKit lessons take about 5–10 minutes. Each one is bite-sized and interactive, so you make steady progress and pick up exactly where you left off across the web and the app.
Can I write and run code in this JavaScript Academy lesson?
Yes. Every JavaScript Academy lesson includes a built-in code editor, so you write and run real code right in your browser and get instant AI feedback — no local setup required.
All lessons in this course
- let, const, and avoiding var
- Block/Function/Module Scope and the TDZ
- Naming, Readability, and Common Pitfalls