Enum และ [Flags]

ภาพรวมอีนัม

ชนิดแจกแจงพื้นฐาน

using System;

public enum OrderStatus
{
  Pending = 0,
  Processing = 1,
  Shipped = 2,
  Delivered = 3,
  Cancelled = 4
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    OrderStatus s = OrderStatus.Processing;
    Console.WriteLine("Status = " + s);
    Console.WriteLine("Numeric = " + (int)s);
  }
}

ชนิดพื้นฐานและการแปลงชนิด

using System;

// Choose underlying type if needed (default is int)
public enum HttpCode : short
{
  Ok = 200,
  NotFound = 404
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    short code = (short)HttpCode.Ok; // cast to number
    HttpCode fromNum = (HttpCode)404; // cast from number (no validation)
    Console.WriteLine("code=" + code);
    Console.WriteLine("fromNum=" + fromNum);
  }
}

การแปลงข้อความและการตรวจสอบ

using System;

public enum Color
{
  Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 3
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    Color c;
    bool ok = Enum.TryParse<Color>("green", true, out c); // ignore case
    Console.WriteLine("Parsed? " + ok + " value=" + c);

    // Validate a numeric value before casting
    int raw = 4;
    bool valid = Enum.IsDefined(typeof(Color), raw);
    Console.WriteLine("Is 4 a defined Color? " + valid);
  }
}

[Flags] ในการใช้งานจริง

using System;

[Flags]
public enum FileAccessMode
{
  None  = 0,
  Read  = 1,   // 0001
  Write = 2,   // 0010
  Exec  = 4    // 0100
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    FileAccessMode m = FileAccessMode.Read | FileAccessMode.Write; // combine
    Console.WriteLine("Mode = " + m); // prints "Read, Write"

    // Test a flag (two common patterns)
    bool canWrite = (m & FileAccessMode.Write) != 0;
    Console.WriteLine("Can write? " + canWrite);

    // Remove a flag
    m = m & ~FileAccessMode.Write;
    Console.WriteLine("After remove: " + m);
  }
}

เคล็ดลับเกี่ยวกับชนิดแจกแจง

ความหมายของแอตทริบิวต์ [Flags]

ทบทวน