delegate และเหตุการณ์

delegate คืออะไร

การกำหนดและใช้ delegate

using System;

class Program {
    // Define a delegate
    public delegate void MessageDelegate(string message);

    static void DisplayMessage(string message) {
        Console.WriteLine(message);
    }

    static void Main() {
        // Create a delegate instance
        MessageDelegate msg = DisplayMessage;

        // Invoke the delegate
        msg("Hello, Delegates!");
    }
}

delegate แบบหลายผู้รับ

using System;

class Program {
    public delegate void MessageDelegate(string message);

    static void ShowMessage(string message) {
        Console.WriteLine("Message: " + message);
    }

    static void LogMessage(string message) {
        Console.WriteLine("Log: " + message);
    }

    static void Main() {
        MessageDelegate msg = ShowMessage;
        msg += LogMessage; // Add another method

        msg("Hello, Multicast Delegates!"); // Both methods are invoked
    }
}

เหตุการณ์คืออะไร

การกำหนดและใช้เหตุการณ์

using System;

class Publisher {
    public delegate void NotifyDelegate(string message);
    public event NotifyDelegate Notify; // Define an event

    public void RaiseEvent(string message) {
        Notify?.Invoke(message); // Invoke the event
    }
}

class Subscriber {
    public void OnNotify(string message) {
        Console.WriteLine("Subscriber received: " + message);
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Publisher pub = new Publisher();
        Subscriber sub = new Subscriber();

        pub.Notify += sub.OnNotify; // Subscribe to the event
        pub.RaiseEvent("Hello, Events!"); // Raise the event
    }
}

การยกเลิกการสมัครรับเหตุการณ์

using System;

class Publisher {
    public delegate void NotifyDelegate(string message);
    public event NotifyDelegate Notify;

    public void RaiseEvent(string message) {
        Notify?.Invoke(message);
    }
}

class Subscriber {
    public void OnNotify(string message) {
        Console.WriteLine("Subscriber received: " + message);
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Publisher pub = new Publisher();
        Subscriber sub = new Subscriber();

        pub.Notify += sub.OnNotify; // Subscribe
        pub.RaiseEvent("First Message");

        pub.Notify -= sub.OnNotify; // Unsubscribe
        pub.RaiseEvent("Second Message"); // No output, as subscriber is removed
    }
}

โจทย์ฝึกปฏิบัติ

using System;

class Calculator {
    public delegate void CalculationDelegate(double result);
    public event CalculationDelegate OnCalculate;

    public void Add(double a, double b) {
        double result = a + b;
        OnCalculate?.Invoke(result);
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Calculator calc = new Calculator();

        // Subscribe to the event
        calc.OnCalculate += result => Console.WriteLine("Result: " + result);

        calc.Add(5, 3); // Outputs: Result: 8
    }
}

เก่งมาก