In-out पैरामीटर और मूल त्रुटि-प्रबंधन (throws)

enum FileError: Error { case notFound, unreadable }

func readFile(named: String) throws -> String {
    if named.isEmpty { throw FileError.notFound }
    return "contents of \\(named)"
}

// Calling a throwing function
do {
    let text = try readFile(named: "notes.txt")
    print(text)
} catch {
    print("Failed:", error)
}

// try? converts errors to nil (optional)
let maybeText = try? readFile(named: "")
print(maybeText as Any)  // nil

// try! crashes on error—only use when you are sure
// let forcedText = try! readFile(named: "")  // avoid in production

func parseInt(_ s: String) throws -> Int {
    if let n = Int(s) { return n }
    else { throw NSError(domain: "Parse", code: 1) }
}

do {
    let n = try parseInt("10")
    print("n =", n)
} catch {
    print("parse error")
}