الأنواع القابلة للتعداد المخصّصة

إنشاء قابل للتعداد خاص بك

تنفيذ GetEnumerator باستخدام yield

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class IntRange : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _start, _count;
    public IntRange(int start, int count) { _start = start; _count = count; }

    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++)
            yield return _start + i;
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        foreach (var n in new IntRange(5, 4))
            Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

لماذا يوجد أسلوبا GetEnumerator؟

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Letters : IEnumerable<char>
{
    public IEnumerator<char> GetEnumerator()
    {
        yield return 'x';
        yield return 'y';
        yield return 'z';
    }
    // Required because IEnumerable<T> extends IEnumerable
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        foreach (var c in new Letters())
            Console.WriteLine(c);
    }
}

تغليف المنطق المخصص

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Fibonacci : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _count;
    public Fibonacci(int count) { _count = count; }

    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        int a = 0, b = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++)
        {
            yield return a;
            int next = a + b; a = b; b = next;
        }
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        foreach (var n in new Fibonacci(8))
            Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

تغليف مجموعة داخلية

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class EvenBag : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly List<int> _items = new List<int>();
    public void Add(int n) { if (n % 2 == 0) _items.Add(n); }

    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator() => _items.GetEnumerator();
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var bag = new EvenBag();
        bag.Add(1); bag.Add(2); bag.Add(3); bag.Add(4);
        foreach (var n in bag) Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

القوابل المخصصة للتعداد متوافقة مع LINQ

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class IntRange : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _start, _count;
    public IntRange(int start, int count) { _start = start; _count = count; }
    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++) yield return _start + i;
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var range = new IntRange(1, 10);
        Console.WriteLine(range.Where(n => n % 3 == 0).Sum());
    }
}

يحصل كل foreach على معدِّد جديد

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class IntRange : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _count;
    public IntRange(int count) { _count = count; }
    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = 1; i <= _count; i++) yield return i;
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var r = new IntRange(3);
        foreach (var n in r) Console.Write(n);
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (var n in r) Console.Write(n); // fresh again
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

قابل تعداد مخصص باستخدام الأنواع العامة

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Ring<T> : IEnumerable<T>
{
    private readonly T[] _items;
    private readonly int _start;
    public Ring(T[] items, int start) { _items = items; _start = start; }

    public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < _items.Length; i++)
            yield return _items[(_start + i) % _items.Length];
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var ring = new Ring<string>(new[] { "a", "b", "c", "d" }, 2);
        foreach (var s in ring) Console.WriteLine(s);
    }
}

قوابل تعداد مخصصة كسولة

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Squares : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _count;
    public Squares(int count) { _count = count; }
    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = 1; i <= _count; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("computing " + i);
            yield return i * i;
        }
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        foreach (var n in new Squares(3))
            Console.WriteLine("got " + n);
    }
}

متى تنشئ قابل تعداد مخصصًا

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Countdown : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _from;
    public Countdown(int from) { _from = from; }
    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        for (int i = _from; i >= 0; i--) yield return i;
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        foreach (var n in new Countdown(5)) Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

جرّب بنفسك

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class Geometric : IEnumerable<int>
{
    private readonly int _start, _ratio, _count;
    public Geometric(int start, int ratio, int count) { _start = start; _ratio = ratio; _count = count; }
    public IEnumerator<int> GetEnumerator()
    {
        int value = _start;
        for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++) { yield return value; value *= _ratio; }
    }
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var seq = new Geometric(1, 2, 6);
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", seq));
        Console.WriteLine("sum: " + seq.Sum());
    }
}

تحقق سريع

مراجعة