Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs · 课时

@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict

精确控制缓存行为

@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课时。这是第 2 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

The Three Cache Annotations

Spring offers three method-level cache annotations:

@Cacheable — read-through, store the result
@CachePut — always run, update the cache
@CacheEvict — remove entries

@Cacheable

@Cacheable checks the cache first; on a miss it runs the method and stores the result.

@Cacheable("products")
public Product findById(Long id) {
    return repository.findById(id).orElseThrow();
}

Conditional Caching

Use condition to cache only when a predicate holds, and unless to skip caching certain results.

@Cacheable(value = "products",
    unless = "#result == null")
public Product findById(Long id) { ... }

@CachePut

@CachePut always executes the method and stores the returned value — ideal for update methods that should refresh the cache.

@CachePut(value = "products", key = "#product.id")
public Product update(Product product) {
    return repository.save(product);
}

Cacheable vs CachePut

@Cacheable may skip the method on a hit; @CachePut never skips. Never put both on the same method — their behaviors conflict.

@CacheEvict

@CacheEvict removes an entry, typically after a delete or update that invalidates cached data.

@CacheEvict(value = "products", key = "#id")
public void delete(Long id) {
    repository.deleteById(id);
}

Evicting Everything

Use allEntries = true to clear an entire cache at once.

@CacheEvict(value = "products", allEntries = true)
public void reloadAll() {
    // bulk refresh
}

Evict Before or After

By default eviction happens after the method succeeds. Set beforeInvocation = true to evict even if the method throws.

@CacheEvict(value = "products",
    allEntries = true, beforeInvocation = true)
public void risky() { ... }

Grouping with @Caching

@Caching combines multiple cache operations on one method.

@Caching(
    put = @CachePut(value = "products", key = "#p.id"),
    evict = @CacheEvict(value = "productList",
        allEntries = true))
public Product save(Product p) {
    return repository.save(p);
}

Class-Level Config

@CacheConfig sets a default cache name for all methods in a class, reducing repetition.

@Service
@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "products")
public class ProductService {
    @Cacheable(key = "#id")
    public Product findById(Long id) { ... }
}

Self-Invocation Caveat

Cache annotations work via proxies, so a method calling another cached method in the same class bypasses the cache. Call through a separate bean.

Quick Check

Test your understanding of the cache annotations.

Recap

You learned the three cache annotations:

@Cacheable — store and reuse results
@CachePut — always run and refresh
@CacheEvict — remove entries (allEntries, beforeInvocation)
Watch out for the self-invocation proxy caveat

常见问题解答

「@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课程共包含 4 节课。

「@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict」这节课中我会学到什么？

精确控制缓存行为你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 2 节课，共 4 节。

「@Cacheable、@CachePut、@CacheEvict」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Spring Boot 4 Microservices & REST APIs 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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