IComparer สำหรับการเรียงลำดับแบบกำหนดเอง

การเรียงลำดับหลายรูปแบบ

การนำ IComparer<T> ไปใช้

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Person
{
    public string Name;
    public int Age;
    public Person(string name, int age) { Name = name; Age = age; }
    public override string ToString() => Name + "(" + Age + ")";
}

public class ByName : IComparer<Person>
{
    public int Compare(Person x, Person y)
        => string.Compare(x.Name, y.Name, StringComparison.Ordinal);
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var people = new List<Person> { new Person("Zoe", 1), new Person("Ann", 2) };
        people.Sort(new ByName());
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", people));
    }
}

ตัวเปรียบเทียบหลายตัวสำหรับชนิดข้อมูลเดียว

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Person
{
    public string Name;
    public int Age;
    public Person(string name, int age) { Name = name; Age = age; }
    public override string ToString() => Name + "(" + Age + ")";
}

public class ByAge : IComparer<Person>
{
    public int Compare(Person x, Person y) => x.Age.CompareTo(y.Age);
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var people = new List<Person> { new Person("Ann", 40), new Person("Bo", 20) };
        people.Sort(new ByAge());
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", people));
    }
}

ตัวแทน Comparison<T>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var words = new List<string> { "banana", "fig", "apple" };
        // Sort by length using a Comparison<string> lambda
        words.Sort((a, b) => a.Length.CompareTo(b.Length));
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", words));
    }
}

เรียงจากมากไปน้อยด้วยตัวเปรียบเทียบ

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class DescendingInt : IComparer<int>
{
    public int Compare(int x, int y) => y.CompareTo(x);
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var nums = new List<int> { 3, 1, 4, 1, 5 };
        nums.Sort(new DescendingInt());
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", nums));
    }
}

ตัวเปรียบเทียบใน OrderBy

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class CaseInsensitive : IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
        => string.Compare(x, y, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var names = new[] { "bob", "Alice", "carol" };
        foreach (var n in names.OrderBy(x => x, new CaseInsensitive()))
            Console.WriteLine(n);
    }
}

การเปรียบเทียบหลายคีย์

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Employee
{
    public string Dept;
    public int Salary;
    public Employee(string dept, int salary) { Dept = dept; Salary = salary; }
    public override string ToString() => Dept + ":" + Salary;
}

public class ByDeptThenSalary : IComparer<Employee>
{
    public int Compare(Employee x, Employee y)
    {
        int byDept = string.Compare(x.Dept, y.Dept, StringComparison.Ordinal);
        return byDept != 0 ? byDept : x.Salary.CompareTo(y.Salary);
    }
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var staff = new List<Employee>
        {
            new Employee("IT", 50), new Employee("HR", 40), new Employee("IT", 30)
        };
        staff.Sort(new ByDeptThenSalary());
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", staff));
    }
}

ทางลัดด้วย Comparer.Create

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var byLengthDesc = Comparer<string>.Create((a, b) => b.Length.CompareTo(a.Length));
        var words = new List<string> { "hi", "hello", "hey" };
        words.Sort(byLengthDesc);
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", words));
    }
}

นำตัวเปรียบเทียบกลับมาใช้กับคอลเลกชันต่าง ๆ

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        IComparer<int> desc = Comparer<int>.Create((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a));
        var set = new SortedSet<int>(desc) { 1, 5, 3 };
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", set));
    }
}

การเลือกใช้ IComparable หรือ IComparer

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var nums = new List<int> { 5, 2, 8, 1 };
        nums.Sort(); // natural ascending (int is IComparable)
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", nums));
        nums.Sort((a, b) => b - a); // custom descending via delegate
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", nums));
    }
}

ลองทำด้วยตนเอง

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var words = new List<string> { "pear", "fig", "apple", "kiwi" };

        words.Sort(); // natural alphabetical
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", words));

        words.Sort((a, b) => a.Length.CompareTo(b.Length)); // by length
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", words));

        words.Sort(Comparer<string>.Create((a, b) => b.CompareTo(a))); // reverse alphabetical
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", words));
    }
}

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