로컬 스택을 위한 Docker Compose

Compose로 로컬 스택 구성

서비스 뼈대

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      target: dev          # multi-stage dev target
    volumes:
      - ./:/app            # live code mount
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
  db:
    image: mysql:8.4
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine

FPM 앞에 nginx 배치

# docker/nginx/default.conf
server {
  listen 80;
  root /app/public;
  index index.php;

  location / {
    try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string;
  }

  location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass app:9000;       # service name from compose
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
  }
}

웹 서비스 연결

services:
  web:
    image: nginx:1.27-alpine
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./:/app:ro
      - ./docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
    depends_on:
      - app

영속 볼륨

services:
  db:
    image: mysql:8.4
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: app
      MYSQL_USER: app
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: secret
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: rootsecret
    volumes:
      - dbdata:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  dbdata:        # survives `down`, removed only by `down -v`

상태 확인과 의존성 설정

services:
  db:
    image: mysql:8.4
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost", "-prootsecret"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 10
  app:
    build: .
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy   # waits for healthcheck pass

환경 변수와 .env

services:
  app:
    build: .
    env_file:
      - .env
    environment:
      DATABASE_URL: "mysql://app:secret@db:3306/app"
      REDIS_URL: "redis://redis:6379"
# .env (gitignored) provides ${...} substitutions
#   MYSQL_PASSWORD=secret

PHP에서 연결하기

<?php
$dsn = 'mysql://app:secret@db:3306/app';
$p = parse_url($dsn);

printf("driver: %s\n", $p['scheme']);
printf("host:   %s\n", $p['host']);   // 'db' resolves via compose DNS
printf("port:   %d\n", $p['port']);
printf("db:     %s\n", ltrim($p['path'], '/'));

$pdoDsn = sprintf('mysql:host=%s;port=%d;dbname=%s', $p['host'], $p['port'], ltrim($p['path'], '/'));
echo $pdoDsn . PHP_EOL;
?>

로컬 개발용 Xdebug

; docker/php/xdebug.ini  (mounted only in dev)
zend_extension=xdebug
xdebug.mode=debug
xdebug.start_with_request=yes
xdebug.client_host=host.docker.internal
xdebug.client_port=9003

일회성 명령 실행

# Run migrations against the running db
docker compose exec app php bin/console doctrine:migrations:migrate

# One-off: install deps without a long-lived container
docker compose run --rm app composer install

# Tail logs of just the web service
docker compose logs -f web

재정의 파일

# docker-compose.override.yml (auto-merged, dev only)
services:
  app:
    volumes:
      - ./docker/php/xdebug.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini:ro
    environment:
      APP_ENV: dev
# CI runs: docker compose -f docker-compose.yml up  (no override)

빠른 확인

요약