GitHub Actions로 CI/CD 구축

PHP용 CI/CD

워크플로 구조

name: CI
on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

setup-php 액션

      - name: Setup PHP
        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
        with:
          php-version: '8.3'
          extensions: pdo_mysql, intl, redis, zip
          coverage: pcov
          tools: composer:v2, phpstan

Composer 캐싱

      - name: Get Composer cache dir
        id: composer-cache
        run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: ${{ steps.composer-cache.outputs.dir }}
          key: composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.lock') }}
          restore-keys: composer-

      - run: composer install --prefer-dist --no-progress

서비스 컨테이너

  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    services:
      mysql:
        image: mysql:8.4
        env:
          MYSQL_DATABASE: app_test
          MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
        ports: ['3306:3306']
        options: >-
          --health-cmd="mysqladmin ping -proot"
          --health-interval=5s --health-retries=10

테스트 및 커버리지 실행

      - name: Run PHPUnit
        env:
          DATABASE_URL: "mysql://root:root@127.0.0.1:3306/app_test"
        run: vendor/bin/phpunit --coverage-clover=coverage.xml

      - name: Static analysis
        run: phpstan analyse src --level=8 --no-progress

매트릭스 빌드

  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        php: ['8.2', '8.3', '8.4']
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
        with:
          php-version: ${{ matrix.php }}

이미지 태그 계산

<?php
// Mirrors what the workflow computes for the image tag
$ref = 'refs/heads/main';
$sha = '9f41efadc0de1234567890abcdef0000deadbeef';

$branch = str_replace('refs/heads/', '', $ref);
$shortSha = substr($sha, 0, 7);
$tag = sprintf('registry.example.com/app:%s-%s', $branch, $shortSha);

echo $tag . PHP_EOL;          // registry.example.com/app:main-9f41efa
echo 'is_main: ' . ($branch === 'main' ? 'yes' : 'no') . PHP_EOL;
?>

이미지 빌드 및 푸시

  build:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.actor }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
        with:
          push: true
          target: runtime
          tags: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
          cache-from: type=gha
          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max

비밀 정보와 OIDC

  deploy:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      id-token: write     # enables OIDC
      contents: read
    steps:
      - uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
        with:
          role-to-assume: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/deploy
          aws-region: eu-central-1

배포 단계와 환경

  deploy:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment:
      name: production       # can require manual approval
      url: https://app.example.com
    steps:
      - name: Roll out
        run: |
          kubectl set image deployment/app \
            app=ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
          kubectl rollout status deployment/app --timeout=120s

빠른 확인

요약