실전에서의 접미사, 캐스팅과 변환, C# 6 객체 생성

using System;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    // Implicit numeric promotion (safe)
    int i = 42;
    double d = i; // implicit cast to double
    Console.WriteLine("d = " + d);

    // Explicit cast (possible data loss)
    double pi = 3.99;
    int n = (int)pi; // truncates
    Console.WriteLine("n = " + n);
  }
}

using System;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    string text = "123";
    int value;

    // TryParse: safe conversion (no exception)
    bool ok = int.TryParse(text, out value);
    Console.WriteLine("ok=" + ok + " value=" + value);

    // Convert: throws if invalid
    int v2 = Convert.ToInt32(3.7); // rounds to 4
    Console.WriteLine("v2=" + v2);

    // Parse: throws if invalid
    int v3 = int.Parse("42");
    Console.WriteLine("v3=" + v3);
  }
}

using System;

// Simple point class
public class Point
{
  public int X;
  public int Y;
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    // C# 6 style: specify the type on the left or right
    Point p1 = new Point();
    p1.X = 1; p1.Y = 2;

    var p2 = new Point(); // type inferred from constructor
    p2.X = 3; p2.Y = 4;

    Console.WriteLine("p1=(" + p1.X + "," + p1.Y + ")");
    Console.WriteLine("p2=(" + p2.X + "," + p2.Y + ")");
  }
}

using System;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    // Suffixes
    float f = 2.5f;
    decimal price = 9.99m;
    long big = 10000000000L;
    Console.WriteLine("f=" + f + " price=" + price + " big=" + big);

    // Cast vs Convert
    double d = 5.8;
    int viaCast = (int)d;              // 5 (truncate)
    int viaConvert = Convert.ToInt32(d); // 6 (round)
    Console.WriteLine("viaCast=" + viaCast + " viaConvert=" + viaConvert);

    // TryParse safety
    int n;
    bool ok = int.TryParse("oops", out n);
    Console.WriteLine("TryParse ok=" + ok + " n=" + n);
  }
}