캐싱과 성능

캐싱이 중요한 이유

두 계층: 메모리와 디스크

ImageLoader 구성하기

import android.content.Context
import coil3.ImageLoader
import coil3.disk.DiskCache
import coil3.memory.MemoryCache
import okio.Path.Companion.toOkioPath

fun newImageLoader(context: Context): ImageLoader =
    ImageLoader.Builder(context)
        .memoryCache {
            MemoryCache.Builder()
                .maxSizePercent(context, 0.25) // 25% of app RAM
                .build()
        }
        .diskCache {
            DiskCache.Builder()
                .directory(context.cacheDir.resolve("image_cache").toOkioPath())
                .maxSizeBytes(50L * 1024 * 1024) // 50 MB
                .build()
        }
        .build()

싱글턴 로더 제공하기

import android.app.Application
import coil3.ImageLoader
import coil3.PlatformContext
import coil3.SingletonImageLoader

class MyApp : Application(), SingletonImageLoader.Factory {
    override fun newImageLoader(context: PlatformContext): ImageLoader =
        ImageLoader.Builder(context)
            .crossfade(true)
            .build()
}

캐시 정책 제어하기

import android.content.Context
import coil3.request.CachePolicy
import coil3.request.ImageRequest

fun noMemoryCacheRequest(context: Context, url: String) =
    ImageRequest.Builder(context)
        .data(url)
        .memoryCachePolicy(CachePolicy.DISABLED)
        .diskCachePolicy(CachePolicy.ENABLED)
        .build()

크기 조정: 거대한 비트맵을 디코딩하지 않기

import android.content.Context
import coil3.request.ImageRequest
import coil3.size.Size

fun thumbnailRequest(context: Context, url: String) =
    ImageRequest.Builder(context)
        .data(url)
        .size(Size(200, 200)) // decode at most 200x200
        .build()

안정적인 캐시 키

import android.content.Context
import coil3.request.ImageRequest

fun stableKeyRequest(context: Context, id: String, signedUrl: String) =
    ImageRequest.Builder(context)
        .data(signedUrl)
        .memoryCacheKey("image_$id")
        .diskCacheKey("image_$id")
        .build()

이미지 미리 로드하기

import android.content.Context
import coil3.ImageLoader
import coil3.request.ImageRequest

fun preload(context: Context, loader: ImageLoader, urls: List<String>) {
    urls.forEach { url ->
        val request = ImageRequest.Builder(context)
            .data(url)
            .build()
        loader.enqueue(request)
    }
}

캐시 삭제하기

import coil3.ImageLoader
import coil3.memory.MemoryCache

fun refreshAvatar(loader: ImageLoader, key: String) {
    // Remove one entry so the next load refetches
    loader.memoryCache?.remove(MemoryCache.Key(key))
    loader.diskCache?.remove(key)
}

fun clearAll(loader: ImageLoader) {
    loader.memoryCache?.clear()
    // Disk clearing is heavier; do it sparingly
}

크로스페이드와 캐시 적중

import android.content.Context
import coil3.request.ImageRequest
import coil3.request.crossfade

fun feedRequest(context: Context, url: String) =
    ImageRequest.Builder(context)
        .data(url)
        // Crossfade plays on real loads; memory-cache hits show instantly
        .crossfade(true)
        .build()

목록 성능 점검 목록

import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.grid.GridCells
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.grid.LazyVerticalGrid
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.grid.items
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.aspectRatio
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.layout.ContentScale
import coil3.compose.AsyncImage

@Composable
fun PhotoGrid(urls: List<String>) {
    LazyVerticalGrid(columns = GridCells.Fixed(3)) {
        items(urls) { url ->
            AsyncImage(
                model = url,
                contentDescription = null,
                contentScale = ContentScale.Crop,
                modifier = Modifier.aspectRatio(1f)
            )
        }
    }
}

빠른 확인

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