再コンポジションを制御する

再コンポジション：Composeのパフォーマンスを左右するつまみ

再コンポジション回数の確認

@Composable
fun RecompositionCounter(tag: String) {
    val count = remember { mutableStateOf(0) }
    SideEffect { count.value++ }
    Log.d("Recompose", "$tag recomposed ${count.value} times")
}

// Drop RecompositionCounter("PriceLabel") inside a composable
// to watch how often it re-runs while you interact.

可能な限り遅く状態を読み取る

// BAD: Column reads `seconds`, so everything recomposes each second
@Composable
fun TimerBad(seconds: Int) {
    Column {
        ExpensiveHeader()
        Text("Elapsed: $seconds")
    }
}

// GOOD: only the Text reads the value via a lambda
@Composable
fun TimerGood(seconds: () -> Int) {
    Column {
        ExpensiveHeader()
        Text("Elapsed: ${seconds()}")
    }
}

ラムダで読み取りを遅延する

// Passing the value: parent recomposes every frame of scroll
Box(Modifier.offset(y = scrollOffset.dp))

// Passing a lambda: skips recomposition, updates in the layout phase
Box(Modifier.offset { IntOffset(x = 0, y = scrollOffset.roundToInt()) })

// Same idea for alpha/scale during animation:
Image(
    painter = painter,
    contentDescription = null,
    modifier = Modifier.graphicsLayer { alpha = animatedAlpha() }
)

安定性：Composeがスキップする理由

// UNSTABLE: List is an interface; Compose cannot assume immutability,
// so UserList recomposes even if the contents are identical.
@Composable
fun UserList(users: List<User>) { /* ... */ }

data class User(val id: Long, val name: String) // stable: all vals

パラメーターを安定させる

import kotlinx.collections.immutable.ImmutableList
import androidx.compose.runtime.Immutable

@Immutable
data class UiState(
    val title: String,
    val users: ImmutableList<User>
)

// Stable parameter -> Compose can skip this when state is unchanged
@Composable
fun UserList(users: ImmutableList<User>) { /* ... */ }

remember：毎フレーム再計算しない

// Recomputes the sorted list only when `items` changes
val sorted = remember(items) { items.sortedBy { it.name } }

// derivedStateOf: only triggers readers when the BOOLEAN flips,
// not on every scroll pixel
val showButton by remember {
    derivedStateOf { listState.firstVisibleItemIndex > 5 }
}
if (showButton) ScrollToTopButton()

Lazyリストで安定したキーを使う

LazyColumn {
    items(
        items = users,
        key = { user -> user.id }   // stable identity
    ) { user ->
        UserRow(user)
    }
}
// Now adding a user at the top reuses existing rows
// instead of recomposing the whole list.

状態をホイスティングし、イベントを上に渡す

@Composable
fun SearchBar(query: String, onQueryChange: (String) -> Unit) {
    TextField(value = query, onValueChange = onQueryChange)
}

// In the caller, a remembered lambda keeps the reference stable:
val onChange = remember { { newValue: String -> viewModel.setQuery(newValue) } }
SearchBar(query = query, onQueryChange = onChange)

スクロールやアニメーションの状態を高い階層で読み取らない

// Animated color used only for drawing -> stay in the draw phase
Box(
    Modifier.drawBehind {
        drawRect(color = animatedColor())  // lambda read, no recomposition
    }
)

再コンポジションのチェックリスト

クイックチェック

まとめ：より小さく、よりまれな再コンポジション