Java Academy · Lesson

groupingBy: Classifying Elements

Group stream elements into maps by a classifier function and compose with downstream collectors.

What is groupingBy?

Collectors.groupingBy() partitions stream elements into a Map where each key maps to a list of matching elements. It is the stream equivalent of SQL's GROUP BY.

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;

record Person(String name, String city) {}
List<Person> people = List.of(
    new Person("Alice","NYC"), new Person("Bob","LA"),
    new Person("Carol","NYC"), new Person("Dave","LA"),
    new Person("Eve","Chicago")
);

Map<String, List<Person>> byCity =
    people.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::city));
byCity.forEach((city, ps) -> System.out.println(city + ": " + ps.size()));

Downstream Collector: counting

Compose groupingBy with a downstream collector to aggregate instead of listing:

Map<String, Long> countByCity =
    people.stream().collect(
        Collectors.groupingBy(Person::city, Collectors.counting())
    );
countByCity.forEach((city, n) -> System.out.println(city + " -> " + n));
// NYC -> 2, LA -> 2, Chicago -> 1

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