Online vs Offline Attacks
Hydra and brute force.
Two Families of Attack
Password attacks split into two worlds. Offline attacks work on captured hashes locally — fast, silent, limited only by hardware. Online attacks guess against a live service over the network — slow, noisy, and rate-limited.
Offline Attacks Recap
Offline cracking (Hashcat, John) requires you to first obtain the hashes — from a database dump, /etc/shadow, or a captured handshake. Once you have them, you can guess billions of times per second with zero network traffic.
All lessons in this course
- Wordlists and Rules
- Hashcat
- John the Ripper
- Online vs Offline Attacks