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Cyber Security Academy · Lesson

The Vulnerability Management Lifecycle

Discover, assess, remediate, verify.

Why a Lifecycle

Vulnerability management (VM) is not a one-time scan; it is a continuous program. Treating it as a lifecycle ensures weaknesses are reliably found, judged, fixed, and confirmed closed, rather than piling up in an ignored report.

The classic loop is: discover, assess, prioritize, remediate, verify, then repeat. Each phase has owners, inputs, and outputs.

Phase 1: Discover

You cannot protect what you cannot see. Discovery builds and maintains an accurate asset inventory and finds weaknesses across it:

  • Hosts, cloud instances, containers, services, and software versions.
  • Authenticated and unauthenticated scans.
  • Passive discovery and external attack surface mapping.

An incomplete inventory is the most common reason VM programs fail.

All lessons in this course

  1. The Vulnerability Management Lifecycle
  2. Scanning and Asset Inventory
  3. Prioritization: CVSS, EPSS and KEV
  4. Patch Management and SLAs
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