المطابقة مع Codable

ما Codable؟

import Foundation

struct Book: Codable {
    var title: String
    var pages: Int
}

print("Book conforms to Codable")

التوليد التلقائي

import Foundation

struct User: Codable {
    var name: String
    var age: Int
    var isActive: Bool
}

let u = User(name: "Ada", age: 36, isActive: true)
print(u)

الترميز إلى بيانات JSON

import Foundation

struct User: Codable {
    var name: String
    var age: Int
}

let u = User(name: "Ada", age: 36)
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(u)
print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)

فك الترميز من بيانات JSON

import Foundation

struct User: Codable {
    var name: String
    var age: Int
}

let json = "{\"name\":\"Ada\",\"age\":36}"
let data = json.data(using: .utf8)!
let u = try JSONDecoder().decode(User.self, from: data)
print(u.name, u.age)

إجراء دورة ترميز وفك ترميز لقيمة

import Foundation

struct Point: Codable {
    var x: Int
    var y: Int
}

let p = Point(x: 3, y: 7)
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(p)
let back = try JSONDecoder().decode(Point.self, from: data)
print(back.x, back.y)

Encodable فقط

import Foundation

struct Receipt: Encodable {
    var item: String
    var total: Double
}

let r = Receipt(item: "Coffee", total: 4.5)
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(r)
print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)

Decodable فقط

import Foundation

struct Config: Decodable {
    var version: Int
    var debug: Bool
}

let json = "{\"version\":2,\"debug\":true}"
let data = json.data(using: .utf8)!
let c = try JSONDecoder().decode(Config.self, from: data)
print(c.version, c.debug)

أنواع الخصائص المدعومة

import Foundation

struct Profile: Codable {
    var name: String
    var tags: [String]
    var scores: [String: Int]
}

let p = Profile(name: "Sam", tags: ["a", "b"], scores: ["math": 90])
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(p)
print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)

يمكن للتعدادات التوافق أيضًا

import Foundation

enum Status: String, Codable {
    case active, paused, done
}

struct Task: Codable {
    var title: String
    var status: Status
}

let t = Task(title: "Ship", status: .active)
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(t)
print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)

يجب أن تكون الخاصية Codable

import Foundation

struct Address: Codable {
    var city: String
}

struct Person: Codable {
    var name: String
    var address: Address
}

let p = Person(name: "Lee", address: Address(city: "Rome"))
print(try JSONEncoder().encode(p).count, "bytes")

لماذا يُعد Codable مهمًا

import Foundation

struct Settings: Codable {
    var theme: String
    var fontSize: Int
}

let s = Settings(theme: "dark", fontSize: 14)
let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(s)
let back = try JSONDecoder().decode(Settings.self, from: data)
print(back.theme, back.fontSize)

اختبار سريع: التوافق مع Codable

مراجعة: التوافق مع Codable