القوائم المرتبطة ثنائية الاتجاه

الروابط في الاتجاهين

#include <stdio.h>

struct Node {
    int value;
    struct Node *prev;
    struct Node *next;
};

int main(void) {
    printf("Each node links forward and backward\n");
    return 0;
}

تعريف العقدة

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };

int main(void) {
    struct Node *n = malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    n->value = 1; n->prev = NULL; n->next = NULL;
    printf("%d\n", n->value);
    free(n);
    return 0;
}

دالة مساعدة للإنشاء

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };

struct Node *make(int v) {
    struct Node *n = malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    n->value = v; n->prev = NULL; n->next = NULL;
    return n;
}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *n = make(42);
    printf("%d\n", n->value);
    free(n);
    return 0;
}

ربط العقد في الاتجاهين

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *a = make(1), *b = make(2);
    a->next = b;
    b->prev = a;
    printf("forward %d, back %d\n", a->next->value, b->prev->value);
    free(a); free(b);
    return 0;
}

الإدراج في البداية

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

void push(struct Node **head, int v) {
    struct Node *n = make(v);
    n->next = *head;
    if (*head) (*head)->prev = n;
    *head = n;
}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *head = NULL;
    push(&head, 2); push(&head, 1);
    printf("%d %d\n", head->value, head->next->value);
    return 0;
}

التجوّل إلى الأمام

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *a = make(1), *b = make(2);
    a->next = b; b->prev = a;
    for (struct Node *p = a; p; p = p->next) printf("%d ", p->value);
    printf("\n");
    free(a); free(b);
    return 0;
}

التجوّل إلى الخلف

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *a = make(1), *b = make(2), *c = make(3);
    a->next = b; b->prev = a; b->next = c; c->prev = b;
    for (struct Node *p = c; p; p = p->prev) printf("%d ", p->value);
    printf("\n");
    free(a); free(b); free(c);
    return 0;
}

الحذف أسهل

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

void del(struct Node **head, struct Node *n) {
    if (n->prev) n->prev->next = n->next; else *head = n->next;
    if (n->next) n->next->prev = n->prev;
    free(n);
}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *a = make(1), *b = make(2), *c = make(3);
    a->next=b; b->prev=a; b->next=c; c->prev=b;
    struct Node *head = a;
    del(&head, b);
    printf("%d %d\n", head->value, head->next->value);
    return 0;
}

تحديث الجارين

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *a = make(1), *b = make(2);
    a->next = b; b->prev = a;
    a->next = NULL;
    free(b);
    printf("now only %d remains\n", a->value);
    free(a);
    return 0;
}

الاحتفاظ بمؤشر الذيل

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Node { int value; struct Node *prev; struct Node *next; };
struct Node *make(int v){struct Node*n=malloc(sizeof*n);n->value=v;n->prev=NULL;n->next=NULL;return n;}

int main(void) {
    struct Node *head = make(1), *tail = head;
    struct Node *n = make(2);
    tail->next = n; n->prev = tail; tail = n;
    printf("tail = %d\n", tail->value);
    free(head); free(n);
    return 0;
}

المفاضلات

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    printf("Singly: less memory, one-way\n");
    printf("Doubly: more memory, two-way + easy delete\n");
    return 0;
}

تحقق سريع

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