مقدمة إلى الوراثة

ما الوراثة؟

تعريف فئة أساسية

using System;

class Vehicle {
    public string Color;

    public void Drive() {
        Console.WriteLine("The vehicle is driving.");
    }
}

إنشاء فئة مشتقة

using System;

class Vehicle {
    public string Color;

    public void Drive() {
        Console.WriteLine("The vehicle is driving.");
    }
}

class Car : Vehicle {
    public int NumberOfDoors;

    public void ShowDetails() {
        Console.WriteLine("Color: " + Color);
        Console.WriteLine("Doors: " + NumberOfDoors);
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Car myCar = new Car();
        myCar.Color = "Red"; // Inherited from Vehicle
        myCar.NumberOfDoors = 4;
        myCar.Drive(); // Inherited from Vehicle
        myCar.ShowDetails();
    }
}

تجاوز الأساليب

using System;

class Vehicle {
    public virtual void Drive() {
        Console.WriteLine("The vehicle is driving.");
    }
}

class SportsCar : Vehicle {
    public override void Drive() {
        Console.WriteLine("The sports car is driving fast!");
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        SportsCar myCar = new SportsCar();
        myCar.Drive(); // Calls the overridden method
    }
}

الكلمة الأساسية base

using System;

class Vehicle {
    public string Color;

    public virtual void Drive() {
        Console.WriteLine("The vehicle is driving.");
    }
}

class Truck : Vehicle {
    public override void Drive() {
        base.Drive(); // Calls the base class method
        Console.WriteLine("The truck is carrying a heavy load.");
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Truck myTruck = new Truck();
        myTruck.Color = "Blue";
        myTruck.Drive();
    }
}

تحدٍّ تطبيقي

using System;

class Animal {
    public virtual void Speak() {
        Console.WriteLine("The animal makes a sound.");
    }
}

class Dog : Animal {
    public override void Speak() {
        Console.WriteLine("The dog barks.");
    }
}

class Cat : Animal {
    public override void Speak() {
        Console.WriteLine("The cat meows.");
    }
}

class Program {
    static void Main() {
        Animal myDog = new Dog();
        Animal myCat = new Cat();

        myDog.Speak();
        myCat.Speak();
    }
}

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