Supabase Backend as a Service · 课时

在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件

了解如何创建和管理存储桶，并以编程方式将各种文件类型上传到 Supabase 项目。

在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Supabase Backend as a Service 课时。这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Supabase Backend as a Service 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Supabase Backend as a Service 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

Welcome to Supabase Storage

Managing files like images, videos, and documents is crucial for many apps. Supabase offers a robust, S3-compatible object storage solution right out of the box!

It's designed for scalability and security, letting you store and serve user-generated content or application assets with ease.

Understanding Storage Buckets

Think of a bucket as a top-level folder or container for your files. Each Supabase project can have multiple buckets.

Organize files by type (e.g., avatars, product-images).
Set different security rules for each bucket.
Buckets are isolated, meaning files in one bucket don't mix with another.

Create a Bucket in the Dashboard

You can create buckets directly from the Supabase Dashboard. Navigate to the Storage section and click "New bucket".

Give it a unique name and decide if it should be public or private. We'll explore these options next!

Public or Private Access?

This is a key decision when creating a bucket:

Public Buckets: Anyone with the URL can access files. Great for static assets like profile pictures or public documents.
Private Buckets: Files require authentication and specific policies to be accessed. Ideal for sensitive user data or premium content.

You can change this setting later, but it's good to plan ahead!

Setting Up for Uploads (JS)

To upload files from your app, you'll use the Supabase client library. First, ensure you have your Supabase URL and anon key initialized.

We'll use a simple JavaScript example. Imagine supabase is your initialized client.

import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js';

const SUPABASE_URL = 'YOUR_SUPABASE_URL';
const SUPABASE_ANON_KEY = 'YOUR_ANON_KEY';

const supabase = createClient(SUPABASE_URL, SUPABASE_ANON_KEY);

console.log('Supabase client initialized.');

Programmatically Upload a File

The storage.from().upload() method is your go-to for uploading. It needs the bucket name, the path within the bucket, and the file itself.

Let's simulate uploading a simple text file. In a real app, you'd get the file from an HTML <input type="file">.

import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js';

const SUPABASE_URL = 'YOUR_SUPABASE_URL';
const SUPABASE_ANON_KEY = 'YOUR_ANON_KEY';

const supabase = createClient(SUPABASE_URL, SUPABASE_ANON_KEY);

async function uploadFile() {
  // In a real app, 'file' would come from an input element
  const mockFile = new File(['Hello CoddyKit!'], 'hello.txt', {
    type: 'text/plain',
  });

  const { data, error } = await supabase.storage
    .from('my-first-bucket') // Replace with your bucket name
    .upload('public/hello_world.txt', mockFile);

  if (error) {
    console.error('Upload error:', error.message);
  } else {
    console.log('Upload successful:', data);
  }
}

uploadFile();

File Paths & Overwrite Behavior

The 'path' in .upload('path/to/file.txt', file) determines where your file lands within the bucket.

'my-image.jpg': Uploads to the bucket's root.
'avatars/user123.png': Creates an avatars folder if it doesn't exist.

By default, uploading to an existing path will overwrite the old file. You can control this with the upsert option.

Controlling Overwrites with Upsert

The upsert option in the upload method lets you decide what happens if a file with the same path already exists.

upsert: true (default): Overwrites the existing file.
upsert: false: Returns an error if a file with the same path exists, preventing accidental overwrites.

Use upsert: false when you want to ensure unique file names.

import { createClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js';

const SUPABASE_URL = 'YOUR_SUPABASE_URL';
const SUPABASE_ANON_KEY = 'YOUR_ANON_KEY';

const supabase = createClient(SUPABASE_URL, SUPABASE_ANON_KEY);

async function uploadUniqueFile() {
  const mockFile = new File(['Unique content!'], 'unique.txt', {
    type: 'text/plain',
  });

  // This will fail if 'public/unique.txt' already exists
  const { data, error } = await supabase.storage
    .from('my-first-bucket') // Replace with your bucket name
    .upload('public/unique.txt', mockFile, { upsert: false });

  if (error) {
    console.error('Upload failed (file exists or other error):', error.message);
  } else {
    console.log('Unique upload successful:', data);
  }
}

uploadUniqueFile();

Handles All Your File Needs

Supabase Storage isn't limited to just images or text files. It can handle any file type you throw at it!

Images: PNG, JPG, GIF, SVG
Videos: MP4, MOV, WebM
Documents: PDF, DOCX, XLSX
Audio: MP3, WAV

Just ensure your client-side code provides the correct file object.

Quick Check on Buckets

You've learned about Supabase Storage buckets and how to upload files. Let's test your understanding!

Recap: Storing Files

Great job! You've learned the fundamentals of Supabase Storage:

What buckets are and how to create them.
The difference between public and private buckets.
How to programmatically upload files using the Supabase client.
Controlling file overwrites with the upsert option.

Next, you'll dive into securing your files with Storage Policies!

常见问题解答

「在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Supabase Backend as a Service 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Supabase Backend as a Service 课程共包含 4 节课。

「在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件」这节课中我会学到什么？

了解如何创建和管理存储桶，并以编程方式将各种文件类型上传到 Supabase 项目。你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Supabase Backend as a Service，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Supabase Backend as a Service 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Supabase Backend as a Service 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。

「在 Supabase 存储桶中存储文件」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Supabase Backend as a Service 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Supabase Backend as a Service 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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