管理订阅
在备用服务器上设置和管理订阅，以接收并应用来自发布的更改。
管理订阅 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课时。 这是第 3 节课，共 4 节。 你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。 这是 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课程共包含 4 节课。
本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。
What is a Logical Subscription?
In PostgreSQL's logical replication, a subscription is the receiving end. It's configured on a subscriber server to connect to a publisher server and pull data changes from a specific publication.
Think of it as subscribing to a newspaper. The publisher creates the newspaper (publication), and you (the subscriber) sign up to receive it.
The Subscriber Server Role
The server where you create a subscription becomes the subscriber. This server will connect to the publisher, receive the changes (inserts, updates, deletes, truncates), and apply them to its local tables.
It's crucial that the tables on the subscriber have the same structure as the published tables on the master for replication to work correctly.
Creating a New Subscription
To start receiving data, you use the CREATE SUBSCRIPTION command. You need to specify the connection details to the publisher and the name of the publication you want to subscribe to.
This command is run on the subscriber database.
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION my_app_sub
CONNECTION 'dbname=source_db host=192.168.0.10 user=repl_user password=securepass'
PUBLICATION app_data_pub;Essential Subscription Options
When creating a subscription, several options control its behavior:
COPY_DATA: Iftrue(default), existing data from the published tables is copied.ENABLED: Iftrue(default), replication starts immediately.CREATE_SLOT: Iftrue(default), a replication slot is created on the publisher.SLOT_NAME: You can specify an existing slot name instead of creating a new one.
Full Subscription Example
Let's create a subscription named sales_replica. It connects to a publisher at 10.0.0.5, user repl_admin, for the publication sales_publication.
We explicitly ask to copy existing data and enable it right away.
-- Execute this on the subscriber database
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica
CONNECTION 'dbname=sales_db host=10.0.0.5 user=repl_admin password=mysecret'
PUBLICATION sales_publication
WITH (copy_data = true, create_slot = true, enabled = true);Monitoring Subscription Status
After creating a subscription, you'll want to ensure it's running correctly. PostgreSQL provides the pg_stat_subscription view for this.
It shows details like connection info, enabled status, and the current state of replication.
-- On the subscriber server
SELECT
subname,
subenabled,
substate,
subslotname,
subconninfo
FROM pg_stat_subscription;Enabling and Disabling Subscriptions
You might need to temporarily pause replication, for example, during maintenance or schema changes. You can enable or disable a subscription using ALTER SUBSCRIPTION.
DISABLE: Stops the replication process.ENABLE: Resumes the replication process.
-- Temporarily stop replication for 'sales_replica'
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica DISABLE;
-- Resume replication
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica ENABLE;Refreshing Publication List
If the publisher adds new tables to a publication, the subscriber won't automatically start replicating them. You need to tell the subscriber to refresh its understanding of the publication.
The REFRESH PUBLICATION command updates the subscription's table list.
-- Update 'sales_replica' to include any newly added tables
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica REFRESH PUBLICATION;Dropping a Subscription
When a subscription is no longer needed, you can drop it. This command is executed on the subscriber server. By default, it also attempts to drop the associated replication slot on the publisher.
Ensure the subscription is disabled before dropping it to prevent errors.
-- First, disable the subscription if it's enabled
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica DISABLE;
-- Then, drop the subscription
DROP SUBSCRIPTION sales_replica;Subscription Management Check
You have a subscription named user_data_sub that is actively replicating data. You need to perform some schema changes on the subscriber and want to temporarily stop the data flow without removing the subscription entirely.
Recap: Managing Subscriptions
In this lesson, you learned how to manage subscriptions in PostgreSQL logical replication. You can create new subscriptions, monitor their status, enable/disable them for maintenance, refresh their publication list, and finally drop them when no longer needed.
Mastering these commands is key to maintaining a robust and flexible logical replication setup.
常见问题解答
「管理订阅」课时是免费的吗？
是的 — 「管理订阅」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课程共包含 4 节课。
「管理订阅」这节课中我会学到什么？
在备用服务器上设置和管理订阅，以接收并应用来自发布的更改。 你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。
学习 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 需要有经验吗？
无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。 这是第 3 节课，共 4 节。
「管理订阅」课时需要多长时间？
大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。
我能在这节 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课中编写并运行代码吗？
能。每节 Advanced PostgreSQL: Indexing, Partitioning, Replication 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。