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Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp · 课时

使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线

通过 GitHub Actions 构建持续集成与持续交付流水线，自动完成 Node.js 应用的测试和部署。

使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课时。 这是第 4 节课，共 4 节。 你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。 这是 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

What is CI/CD?

Continuous Integration (CI) automatically builds and tests your code on every push. Continuous Delivery/Deployment (CD) automatically ships passing code to production.

Together they catch bugs early and remove manual, error-prone release steps.

Why GitHub Actions?

GitHub Actions runs workflows directly in your repository. There is no separate server to manage, it integrates with pull requests, and it has a generous free tier for public repos.

Workflow File Location

Workflows are YAML files inside .github/workflows/. Each file describes one workflow, and a repo can have many.

// .github/workflows/ci.yml

Triggers

The on key defines what starts a workflow. Common triggers are pushes and pull requests to specific branches.

name: CI
on:
  push:
    branches: [ main ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ main ]

Jobs and Runners

A workflow has one or more jobs. Each job runs on a fresh virtual machine (a runner) you select with runs-on.

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

Steps

A job is a sequence of steps. A step either runs a shell command (run) or uses a prebuilt action (uses).

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - run: echo 'Code checked out'

Setting Up Node.js

The official setup-node action installs the Node version you specify and can cache dependencies for faster runs.

      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: npm

Installing and Testing

With Node ready, install dependencies and run your test suite. If tests fail the job fails, blocking the merge.

      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test

A Complete CI Workflow

Here is a full, minimal pipeline that checks out code, sets up Node, installs, and tests on every push and pull request.

name: CI
on: [push, pull_request]
jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with: { node-version: 20, cache: npm }
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test

Secrets

Never commit API keys. Store them in your repo's Settings > Secrets and reference them with the secrets context. They are masked in logs.

      - run: ./deploy.sh
        env:
          API_KEY: ${{ secrets.API_KEY }}

Adding a Deploy Step

For CD, add a job that runs only after tests pass and only on the main branch, then deploys. The needs and if keys control ordering and conditions.

  deploy:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: echo 'Deploying...'

Quick Check

Test your CI/CD knowledge.

Recap

You built an automated pipeline with GitHub Actions:

  • Workflows live in .github/workflows/ as YAML
  • on sets triggers; jobs run on runs-on runners
  • Steps use prebuilt actions or run shell commands
  • Install with npm ci and run npm test automatically
  • Store credentials in secrets and gate deploys with needs + if

Now every push is tested and safe code can ship automatically.

常见问题解答

「使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课程共包含 4 节课。

「使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线」这节课中我会学到什么？

通过 GitHub Actions 构建持续集成与持续交付流水线，自动完成 Node.js 应用的测试和部署。 你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。 这是第 4 节课，共 4 节。

「使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Node.js Backend Development Bootcamp 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

此课程中的所有课时

  1. 使用 Docker 容器化
  2. 云部署（AWS/Heroku）
  3. 使用 PM2 管理进程
  4. 使用 GitHub Actions 构建 CI/CD 流水线
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