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使用 @import 导入文件

将另一个源文件引入当前作用域。

使用 @import 导入文件 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Zig Academy 课时。这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Zig Academy 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Zig Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

Bring In Another File

Code grows, so you split it across files. The built-in @import pulls another Zig source file into the current one. 📦

const math = @import("math.zig");

It Returns a Value

@import is an expression that gives back a value. You store it in a const, then reach into it with dot access just like a struct.

const math = @import("math.zig");
const r = math.add(2, 3);

A File Is a Struct

Every Zig file is secretly a struct. Its top-level declarations become the fields and functions you access after importing it.

Only pub Crosses the Line

A declaration is reachable from another file only if it is marked pub. Without pub, it stays private to its own file.

pub fn add(a: i32, b: i32) i32 {
    return a + b;
}

Paths Are Relative

A file path inside @import is relative to the importing file. So "util/text.zig" looks in a util folder beside the current file.

const text = @import("util/text.zig");

Import the Standard Library

The most common import is std. It is a special module name, not a file path, that gives you the whole standard library.

const std = @import("std");

The builtin Module

Another special name is builtin. It exposes compile-time info like the target os and the current optimize mode.

const builtin = @import("builtin");

Imports Run at Comptime

@import is resolved entirely at compile time. The path must be a string literal known then, never a value computed at run time.

Cached, Not Duplicated

Import the same file from ten places and Zig loads it once. Every import of one path shares the exact same struct value.

Rename for Clarity

Because the result is just a const, you can rename it freely. Pick a short, clear alias that reads well at every call site.

const fs = @import("std").fs;

Reach In Without Storing

You can also chain straight off an import for a one-off use, skipping the intermediate const when you only need one item.

const out = @import("std").io.getStdOut();

Quick Check

Recall what makes a top-level item usable from another file.

Recap

You learned that @import loads a file as a struct at compile time, std and builtin are special names, and only pub items cross over. 🎯

常见问题解答

「使用 @import 导入文件」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「使用 @import 导入文件」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Zig Academy 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Zig Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。

「使用 @import 导入文件」这节课中我会学到什么？

将另一个源文件引入当前作用域。你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Zig Academy，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Zig Academy 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Zig Academy 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。

「使用 @import 导入文件」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Zig Academy 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Zig Academy 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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