创建 Zustand 存储
安装 Zustand，使用 create 定义存储，添加状态属性和操作函数，并了解该存储与 Redux 架构的区别。
创建 Zustand 存储 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 React Native Academy 课时。 这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。 你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。 这是 React Native Academy 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 React Native Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。
本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。
What Is Zustand?
Zustand (German for 'state') is a minimal, fast state management library for React. Unlike Redux, it requires no boilerplate like action creators, reducers, or a Provider wrapper. You define a store as a single function, and any component can subscribe to it with a simple hook. It is ideal for apps that need global state without the complexity of Redux Toolkit.
Installing Zustand
Install Zustand from npm with a single command. It has zero dependencies and is compatible with React Native out of the box. The package is lightweight — under 1 kB gzipped — which keeps your app's bundle size small.
npm install zustandCreating Your First Store
Call create from Zustand and pass it a function that receives set and returns an object containing your state properties and actions. The returned value is a custom hook — conventionally named useXxxStore — that components call to access the store.
import { create } from 'zustand';
interface CounterStore {
count: number;
increment: () => void;
decrement: () => void;
reset: () => void;
}
export const useCounterStore = create<CounterStore>((set) => ({
count: 0,
increment: () => set((state) => ({ count: state.count + 1 })),
decrement: () => set((state) => ({ count: state.count - 1 })),
reset: () => set({ count: 0 }),
}));The set Function
The set function is how Zustand updates state. You can pass it either a partial state object (Zustand merges it with existing state) or a callback that receives the current state and returns the updated portion. Zustand automatically notifies all subscribers when state changes.
// Partial object — Zustand merges it
set({ count: 0 });
// Callback — use when new value depends on previous value
set((state) => ({ count: state.count + 1 }));
// Replace entire state (pass true as second arg)
set(() => ({ count: 0, name: 'reset' }), true);No Provider Needed
One of Zustand's biggest advantages over Redux is that you do not need to wrap your component tree in a Provider. The store lives outside React and components subscribe to it directly via the returned hook. This means you can use the store anywhere — in components, in callbacks, or even outside React components.
// No Provider needed — just use the hook anywhere
function CounterDisplay() {
const count = useCounterStore((state) => state.count);
return <Text>Count: {count}</Text>;
}
function CounterButtons() {
const increment = useCounterStore((state) => state.increment);
const decrement = useCounterStore((state) => state.decrement);
return (
<View>
<Button title='+' onPress={increment} />
<Button title='-' onPress={decrement} />
</View>
);
}Subscribing to Specific State
Pass a selector function to the store hook to subscribe to only part of the state. The component re-renders only when the selected value changes. Without a selector, the component re-renders whenever any part of the store updates, which can hurt performance in large stores.
// Only re-renders when count changes
const count = useCounterStore((state) => state.count);
// Only re-renders when user.name changes
const username = useUserStore((state) => state.user.name);
// Without selector — re-renders on ANY store change (avoid this)
const everything = useCounterStore();Accessing the Store Outside React
Zustand stores expose a getState() method that reads the current state synchronously without hooks. There is also a subscribe() method for non-React subscriptions and a setState() method for imperative updates. This is useful in utility functions, API interceptors, or navigation helpers that run outside React component lifecycle.
// Access store state anywhere — no hooks required
import { useCounterStore } from './counterStore';
// Read state outside React
const currentCount = useCounterStore.getState().count;
// Update state outside React
useCounterStore.getState().increment();
// Subscribe outside React
const unsub = useCounterStore.subscribe((state) => {
console.log('Count changed to:', state.count);
});Async Actions in Zustand
Zustand actions can be async — just mark the function async and call set after the await. You do not need special async utilities like Redux's createAsyncThunk. You can add loading and error state directly to the store and update them inside the async action.
export const usePostsStore = create<PostsStore>((set) => ({
posts: [],
loading: false,
error: null,
fetchPosts: async () => {
set({ loading: true, error: null });
try {
const res = await fetch('https://api.example.com/posts');
const data = await res.json();
set({ posts: data, loading: false });
} catch (e) {
set({ error: 'Failed to load', loading: false });
}
},
}));Comparing Zustand and Redux
Redux Toolkit is more structured and provides stronger conventions for large teams, time-travel debugging, and complex state. Zustand excels when you need global state with minimal ceremony — a single file, no action types, no Provider. Both are valid choices; pick Zustand for small-to-medium apps or when you want to move fast without Redux boilerplate.
Organizing Multiple Stores
In larger apps, split your state into multiple focused stores rather than one massive store. For example, create useAuthStore, useCartStore, and useSettingsStore separately. Each store file is small, independently testable, and imported only by the components that need it. This prevents unrelated state changes from triggering unnecessary re-renders.
// stores/authStore.ts
export const useAuthStore = create<AuthStore>((set) => ({ /* ... */ }));
// stores/cartStore.ts
export const useCartStore = create<CartStore>((set) => ({ /* ... */ }));
// Component imports only what it needs
import { useAuthStore } from '../stores/authStore';
import { useCartStore } from '../stores/cartStore';Immer Middleware for Complex Updates
If your state is deeply nested and you want mutating-style updates (like Redux Toolkit's Immer integration), wrap the store creator with Zustand's immer middleware. With Immer, you can write state.user.preferences.theme = 'dark' instead of spreading every level of the object manually.
import { create } from 'zustand';
import { immer } from 'zustand/middleware/immer';
export const useSettingsStore = create(immer<SettingsStore>((set) => ({
user: { name: '', preferences: { theme: 'light', notifications: true } },
setTheme: (theme) => set((state) => {
state.user.preferences.theme = theme; // Immer makes this safe
}),
})));Quick Check
Test your understanding of React Native Mobile Development concepts from this lesson.
Lesson Recap
In this lesson you learned: Zustand creates global stores with minimal boilerplate using a single create call, no Provider is required because the store lives outside the React tree, and async actions work natively by marking store functions as async. Next up we explore reading and updating Zustand store state in components.
常见问题解答
「创建 Zustand 存储」课时是免费的吗？
是的 — 「创建 Zustand 存储」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 React Native Academy 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 React Native Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。
「创建 Zustand 存储」这节课中我会学到什么？
安装 Zustand，使用 create 定义存储，添加状态属性和操作函数，并了解该存储与 Redux 架构的区别。 你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 React Native Academy，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。
学习 React Native Academy 需要有经验吗？
无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 React Native Academy 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。 这是第 1 节课，共 4 节。
「创建 Zustand 存储」课时需要多长时间？
大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。
我能在这节 React Native Academy 课中编写并运行代码吗？
能。每节 React Native Academy 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。