可空、默认与可选字段
妥善处理缺失或不完整的 JSON
可空、默认与可选字段 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课时。 这是第 3 节课,共 4 节。 你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。 这是 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 学习路径的一部分,你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。
本课时的部分内容尚未翻译,以英文显示。
JSON Is Often Incomplete
Real responses skip fields or send null. Your shared models must handle missing data without crashing either app.
Make a Field Nullable
Mark a property as nullable with a trailing question mark, and the serializer happily reads a JSON null into it.
@Serializable
data class User(val bio: String?)Null vs Missing
A key set to null and a key that is simply absent are different cases, and the library treats each one distinctly.
Give a Default Value
A property with a default can be left out of the JSON entirely, and decoding fills in your fallback.
val role: String = "member"Optional Equals Default
In kotlinx.serialization, an optional field just means one that has a default, so absence is never an error.
Required Fields Are Strict
A non-null property with no default is required. If the JSON omits it, decoding throws a clear exception.
Nullable With a Default
You can combine both: a nullable property that defaults to null tolerates a missing key and a null value alike.
val avatar: String? = nullSkip Null on Output
Set explicitNulls to false and the encoder omits null fields instead of writing them out as null.
Json { explicitNulls = false }Tolerate Extra Keys
APIs add fields over time. Turn on ignoreUnknownKeys so new JSON keys never break your existing models.
Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }Coerce Bad Values
With coerceInputValues, a null sent for a field that has a default falls back to that default instead of failing.
Json { coerceInputValues = true }Resilient by Design
Combining nullable types, defaults and lenient config makes your shared parsing robust against messy real-world JSON.
Quick Check
How do you let a JSON key be safely omitted from a response?
Recap
Use nullable types and defaults for missing data, and tune Json with ignoreUnknownKeys, explicitNulls and coerceInputValues for resilient parsing.
常见问题解答
「可空、默认与可选字段」课时是免费的吗?
是的 — 「可空、默认与可选字段」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习(内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师)并解锁 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课程的其余内容,请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。
「可空、默认与可选字段」这节课中我会学到什么?
妥善处理缺失或不完整的 JSON 你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy,全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。
学习 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 需要有经验吗?
无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课程适合初学者到高级学习者,你可以从这里开始或从头开始,按照自己的节奏学习。 这是第 3 节课,共 4 节。
「可空、默认与可选字段」课时需要多长时间?
大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动,所以你能稳步进步,并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。
我能在这节 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课中编写并运行代码吗?
能。每节 Kotlin Multiplatform Academy 课都包含内置代码编辑器,你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码,并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。