Django Academy · 课时

修改模型并重新迁移

添加字段，并将变更写入 DB

修改模型并重新迁移 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Django Academy 课时。这是第 3 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Django Academy 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Django Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

Models Evolve

Real apps change. When a feature needs a new column, you edit the model and let migrations carry the change to the database.

Step 1: Edit the Model

Start by adding the field in your model class. Here you give a Post a published flag with a sensible default.

class Post(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    published = models.BooleanField(default=False)

Step 2: makemigrations

Run makemigrations. Django diffs the new model against the last one and writes a fresh migration for the added field.

python manage.py makemigrations

Step 3: migrate

Run migrate to apply the new file. The column now exists in the real table, ready to use.

python manage.py migrate

Defaults Fill Old Rows

Adding a non-nullable field to a populated table needs a value for existing rows. A default fills them in cleanly.

No Default? Django Asks

Without a default, makemigrations stops and prompts you to provide a one-off value for existing rows before continuing.

Each Change Is a New File

Django never edits old migrations. Every model change becomes a new numbered file stacked on top of the last.

Renaming a Field

Rename a field and Django may ask if you renamed rather than dropped-and-added. Answer yes to keep the column data.

Removing a Field

Delete a field from the model, then makemigrations writes a RemoveField step. Apply it and the column is gone for good.

Reversing a Migration

To undo, migrate back to an earlier number. Django runs the migrations in reverse to restore the previous schema.

python manage.py migrate blog 0001

Commit the Files

Always commit the new migration with your model edits. Teammates run migrate and get the same schema, no surprises.

Quick Check

You add a required field to a table that already has rows. What does Django need?

Recap

The loop is simple: edit the model, makemigrations, migrate, commit. Each change becomes a new file, so your history stays honest. ✅

常见问题解答

「修改模型并重新迁移」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「修改模型并重新迁移」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Django Academy 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Django Academy 课程共包含 4 节课。

「修改模型并重新迁移」这节课中我会学到什么？

添加字段，并将变更写入 DB 你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Django Academy，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Django Academy 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Django Academy 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 3 节课，共 4 节。

「修改模型并重新迁移」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Django Academy 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Django Academy 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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