Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests · 课时

JUnit 5 基本注解

探索基本的 JUnit 5 注解，例如 @Test、@BeforeEach、@AfterEach，以及它们的实际应用。

JUnit 5 基本注解 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课时。这是第 2 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

What are JUnit Annotations?

In JUnit 5, annotations are markers that tell the runner how to run your tests — defining test methods, setup, and cleanup.

Marking Tests with @Test

The core annotation is @Test. Put it above any method and JUnit runs it as a test, reporting pass or fail.

Your First Test Method

Here’s @Test in action: a method that asserts 1 + 1 equals 2. (Assertions like assertEquals are coming up next lesson.)

package com.coddykit;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

class SimpleTest {

    @Test
    void additionTest() {
        int result = 1 + 1;
        assertEquals(2, result, "1 + 1 should be 2");
    }
}

Setup Before Each Test: @BeforeEach

@BeforeEach runs before every test method, giving each one a fresh, known state — so your tests stay independent and reliable.

@BeforeEach in Practice

Here @BeforeEach resets a message before each test runs, so both tests start from the same clean state.

package com.coddykit;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

class BeforeEachTest {

    String message;

    @BeforeEach
    void setup() {
        message = "Hello CoddyKit!";
        System.out.println("Setup called."); // For illustration
    }

    @Test
    void testMessageStartsWithHello() {
        assertTrue(message.startsWith("Hello"));
    }

    @Test
    void testMessageLength() {
        assertTrue(message.length() > 5);
    }
}

Cleanup After Each Test: @AfterEach

@AfterEach runs after every test method — perfect for closing files, releasing connections, or resetting state so tests don’t bleed into each other.

@AfterEach in Action

Here @AfterEach tears down state after each test, clearing the log so the next test starts clean.

package com.coddykit;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

class AfterEachTest {

    StringBuilder log;

    @BeforeEach
    void setup() {
        log = new StringBuilder("Test started. ");
    }

    @Test
    void testLogAppendOne() {
        log.append("Action 1. ");
        assertTrue(log.toString().contains("Action 1"));
    }

    @Test
    void testLogAppendTwo() {
        log.append("Action 2. ");
        assertTrue(log.toString().contains("Action 2"));
    }

    @AfterEach
    void teardown() {
        System.out.println("Log after test: " + log.toString());
        log = null; // Simulate cleanup
    }
}

Understanding the Test Flow

The lifecycle for each test is fixed: @BeforeEach, then the @Test method, then @AfterEach — repeating per test to guarantee isolation.

Order of Execution

Arrange the following actions in the correct order as JUnit executes them for each @Test method.

Recap: Essential JUnit Annotations

You’ve learned the essentials: @Test marks a test, @BeforeEach sets up, and @AfterEach cleans up. Assertions are up next.

常见问题解答

「JUnit 5 基本注解」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「JUnit 5 基本注解」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课程共包含 4 节课。

「JUnit 5 基本注解」这节课中我会学到什么？

探索基本的 JUnit 5 注解，例如 @Test、@BeforeEach、@AfterEach，以及它们的实际应用。你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 2 节课，共 4 节。

「JUnit 5 基本注解」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Testing Mastery: JUnit, Mockito & Integration Tests 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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