การกำหนดชนิดข้อมูลให้การทดสอบและม็อก; expectTypeOf

บทนำ

พื้นฐานของ expectTypeOf

// Vitest provides expectTypeOf
import { expectTypeOf } from "vitest";

function fullName(first: string, last: string) {
  return `${first} ${last}`
}

// static checks (compile-time)
expectTypeOf(fullName).toBeFunction()
expectTypeOf(fullName("Ada","Lovelace")).toBeString()

การตรวจยืนยันขั้นสูง

import { expectTypeOf } from "vitest";

interface User { id: number; name: string }
function getUser(): Promise<User> { return Promise.resolve({ id:1, name:"A" }) }

// unwrap Promise
type Resolved = Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getUser>>
expectTypeOf<Resolved>().toMatchTypeOf<User>()

// literal + union
const status = "ok" as const
expectTypeOf(status).toEqualTypeOf<"ok">()

ม็อกของ Vitest

import { vi, describe, it, expect } from "vitest";

function fetchUser(id: number): Promise<string> {
  return Promise.resolve(`user-${id}`)
}

// typed mock
const mockFetch: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn<[(id: number), Promise<string>]>> = vi.fn(async (id: number) => `user-${id}`)

it("uses typed mock", async () => {
  const name = await mockFetch(5)
  expect(name).toBe("user-5")
  // mockFetch("x") // TS error: id must be number
})

ม็อกของ Jest

import { jest } from "@jest/globals";

function times(a: number, b: number) { return a * b }

const mul = jest.fn<(a:number,b:number)=>number>((a,b)=>a*b)

mul(2,3) // ok
// mul("2",3) // TS error

// MockedFunction utility
type MulMock = jest.MockedFunction<typeof mul>
const _check: MulMock = mul

เคล็ดลับ

// value assertions
import { expect } from "vitest";
expect(2 + 3).toBe(5)

// type assertions (compile-time)
import { expectTypeOf } from "vitest";
expectTypeOf(2 + 3).toBeNumber()

// don't confuse with runtime validators like zod

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