การใช้ KeyPaths ในคอลเลกชัน

คีย์พาธโดดเด่นในคอลเลกชัน

struct Person {
    let name: String
    let age: Int
}

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
let names = people.map(\.name)
print(names)

map แบบย่อด้วยคีย์พาธ

struct Person {
    let name: String
    let age: Int
}

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
let closureForm = people.map { $0.age }
let keyPathForm = people.map(\.age)
print(closureForm)
print(keyPathForm)

sorted(by:) พร้อมการเปรียบเทียบด้วยคีย์พาธ

struct Person {
    let name: String
    let age: Int
}

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
let path = \Person.age
let sorted = people.sorted { $0[keyPath: path] < $1[keyPath: path] }
print(sorted.map(\.name))

ตัวช่วยเรียงลำดับที่นำกลับมาใช้ใหม่ได้

func sorted<E, T: Comparable>(_ array: [E], by path: KeyPath<E, T>) -> [E] {
    array.sorted { $0[keyPath: path] < $1[keyPath: path] }
}

struct Person { let name: String; let age: Int }
let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
print(sorted(people, by: \.age).map(\.name))

การกรองผ่านคีย์พาธ

struct Task {
    let title: String
    let isDone: Bool
}

let tasks = [Task(title: "A", isDone: true), Task(title: "B", isDone: false)]
let finished = tasks.filter(\.isDone)
print(finished.map(\.title))

การกรองตามคุณสมบัติที่ไม่ใช่บูลีน

struct Person { let name: String; let city: String }

func filter<E, T: Equatable>(_ array: [E], _ path: KeyPath<E, T>, equals value: T) -> [E] {
    array.filter { $0[keyPath: path] == value }
}

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", city: "Oslo"), Person(name: "Ben", city: "Rome")]
print(filter(people, \.city, equals: "Oslo").map(\.name))

max และ min ตามคีย์พาธ

struct Person { let name: String; let age: Int }

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25), Person(name: "Cy", age: 41)]
let path = \Person.age
if let oldest = people.max(by: { $0[keyPath: path] < $1[keyPath: path] }) {
    print(oldest.name)
}

การรวมค่าคุณสมบัติด้วย reduce

struct Person { let name: String; let age: Int }

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
let totalAge = people.map(\.age).reduce(0, +)
print(totalAge)

การจัดกลุ่มตามคีย์พาธ

struct Person { let name: String; let city: String }

let people = [
    Person(name: "Ana", city: "Oslo"),
    Person(name: "Ben", city: "Rome"),
    Person(name: "Cy", city: "Oslo")
]
let path = \Person.city
let byCity = Dictionary(grouping: people, by: { $0[keyPath: path] })
print(byCity["Oslo"]?.map(\.name) ?? [])

การเรียงลำดับหลายช่องข้อมูล

struct Person { let name: String; let age: Int }

let people = [
    Person(name: "Zoe", age: 30),
    Person(name: "Ana", age: 30),
    Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)
]
let sorted = people.sorted {
    if $0[keyPath: \Person.age] != $1[keyPath: \Person.age] {
        return $0.age < $1.age
    }
    return $0.name < $1.name
}
print(sorted.map(\.name))

เหตุใดคีย์พาธจึงดีกว่าคลอเชอร์ในกรณีนี้

struct Product { let name: String; let price: Double }

let products = [Product(name: "Pen", price: 2), Product(name: "Pad", price: 5)]
let names = products.map(\.name)
let prices = products.map(\.price)
print(names)
print(prices)

ตรวจสอบด่วน: คีย์พาธใน map

ทบทวน: คีย์พาธในคอลเลกชัน

struct Person { let name: String; let age: Int }

let people = [Person(name: "Ana", age: 30), Person(name: "Ben", age: 25)]
let youngestFirst = people.sorted { $0[keyPath: \Person.age] < $1[keyPath: \Person.age] }
print(youngestFirst.map(\.name))