SharedFlow: บัสเหตุการณ์และเหตุการณ์แบบครั้งเดียว

SharedFlow คืออะไร

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val events = MutableSharedFlow<String>()
    launch { events.collect { println("Collector 1: $it") } }
    launch { events.collect { println("Collector 2: $it") } }
    delay(50)
    events.emit("UserLoggedIn")
    events.emit("DataRefreshed")
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

พารามิเตอร์ replay

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<Int>(replay = 2)
    flow.emit(1); flow.emit(2); flow.emit(3)
    // Late subscriber gets last 2:
    flow.collect { print("$it ") }  // prints 2 3
}

extraBufferCapacity

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<Int>(
        replay = 0,
        extraBufferCapacity = 10
    )
    // Can emit up to 10 times without a collector ready:
    repeat(10) { flow.tryEmit(it) }
    launch { flow.collect { print("$it ") } }
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

tryEmit สำหรับการส่งออกโดยไม่ระงับการทำงาน

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<String>(extraBufferCapacity = 5)
    val ok = flow.tryEmit("click")  // non-suspending
    println("Emitted: $ok")
    launch { flow.collect { println(it) } }
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

เหตุการณ์แบบครั้งเดียว (การนำทาง UI)

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
class NavViewModel {
    private val _events = MutableSharedFlow<String>()
    val events = _events.asSharedFlow()
    fun navigateTo(route: String) {
        // viewModelScope.launch:
        kotlinx.coroutines.GlobalScope.launch { _events.emit(route) }
    }
}
// Collect in UI:
// viewModel.events.collect { route -> navController.navigate(route) }

SharedFlow เทียบกับ StateFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
// StateFlow: always has a value; new subscribers get current value
val uiState = MutableStateFlow("idle")

// SharedFlow: no stored value; events fire and are gone (unless replay>0)
val singleEvents = MutableSharedFlow<String>(replay = 0)

fun main() { println("State = what it is; Event = what happened") }

บัสเหตุการณ์ด้วย SharedFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
object EventBus {
    private val _events = MutableSharedFlow<Any>(extraBufferCapacity = 100)
    val events = _events.asSharedFlow()
    fun post(event: Any) { _events.tryEmit(event) }
}
sealed class AppEvent {
    object UserLoggedOut : AppEvent()
    data class ShowError(val msg: String) : AppEvent()
}
// Usage: EventBus.post(AppEvent.UserLoggedOut)

subscriptionCount

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<Int>()
    println("Subscribers: ${flow.subscriptionCount.value}")  // 0
    val job = launch { flow.collect { } }
    delay(50)
    println("Subscribers: ${flow.subscriptionCount.value}")  // 1
    job.cancel()
    delay(50)
    println("Subscribers: ${flow.subscriptionCount.value}")  // 0
}

resetReplayCache

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<Int>(replay = 3)
    flow.tryEmit(1); flow.tryEmit(2); flow.tryEmit(3)
    println("Replay cache: ${flow.replayCache}")  // [1, 2, 3]
    flow.resetReplayCache()
    println("Replay cache: ${flow.replayCache}")  // []
}

การจัดการแรงดันย้อนกลับใน SharedFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.channels.BufferOverflow
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableSharedFlow<Int>(
        replay = 0,
        extraBufferCapacity = 3,
        onBufferOverflow = BufferOverflow.DROP_OLDEST
    )
    repeat(10) { flow.tryEmit(it) }
    launch {
        flow.collect { println(it) }  // only sees most recent 3
    }
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

การรวบรวมข้อมูลพร้อมการหมดเวลา

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val events = MutableSharedFlow<String>()
    launch { repeat(5) { delay(50); events.emit("Event $it") } }
    withTimeoutOrNull(200) {
        events.collect { println(it) }
    }
    println("Done collecting")
}

ตรวจสอบอย่างรวดเร็ว

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