Debounce kontra throttle — implementera själv

// Debounce (leading): first call fires immediately, then ignore until quiet
function debounceLeading(fn, wait) {
  let t = null;
  return function (...args) {
    if (t === null) {
      fn.apply(null, args);
    }
    clearTimeout(t);
    t = setTimeout(function () {
      t = null;
    }, wait);
  };
}

// Demo: first call prints quickly; later bursts are ignored until quiet
const firstTap = debounceLeading(function (x) {
  console.log("leading:", x);
}, 12);

for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
  setTimeout(function () {
    firstTap("first-then-wait");
  }, i * 3);
}

// Throttle (leading): at most once per interval
function throttle(fn, wait) {
  let last = 0;
  return function (...args) {
    const now = Date.now();
    if (now - last >= wait) {
      last = now;
      fn.apply(null, args);
    }
  };
}

// Demo: many events, but prints at most once every 10ms
const throttled = throttle(function (n) {
  console.log("throttled:", n);
}, 10);

for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  setTimeout(function () {
    throttled(i);
  }, i * 2);
}

// Throttle (trailing): schedule the last call within the window
function throttleTrailing(fn, wait) {
  let last = 0;
  let timer = null;
  let queuedArgs = null;

  function invoke(args) {
    last = Date.now();
    fn.apply(null, args);
  }

  return function (...args) {
    const now = Date.now();
    const remaining = wait - (now - last);

    if (remaining <= 0) {
      // Window passed: run now
      clearTimeout(timer);
      timer = null;
      queuedArgs = null;
      invoke(args);
    } else {
      // Queue the latest args to run at the end of the window
      queuedArgs = args;
      clearTimeout(timer);
      timer = setTimeout(function () {
        timer = null;
        if (queuedArgs) {
          invoke(queuedArgs);
          queuedArgs = null;
        }
      }, remaining);
    }
  };
}

// Demo: last value in a burst is printed after the window
const trail = throttleTrailing(function (x) {
  console.log("trail:", x);
}, 10);

for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
  setTimeout(function () {
    trail("v" + i);
  }, i * 3);
}