Fundamentos da engenharia de prompts
Entenda os fundamentos da engenharia de prompts para interagir com eficácia e orientar modelos de linguagem de grande porte.
Fundamentos da engenharia de prompts é uma aula grátis de AI Powered SaaS: Stripe + Auth + Billing + Deploy no CoddyKit. Esta é a aula 2 de 4. Você pode ler a aula completa abaixo gratuitamente — depois pratica ao vivo no navegador com um editor de código integrado e um tutor de IA 24/7. Faz parte do caminho de aprendizado de AI Powered SaaS: Stripe + Auth + Billing + Deploy, e seu progresso é sincronizado entre a web e o app CoddyKit. O curso de AI Powered SaaS: Stripe + Auth + Billing + Deploy inclui 4 aulas no total.
Partes desta aula ainda não foram traduzidas e aparecem em inglês.
What is Prompt Engineering?
Welcome! In this lesson, we'll dive into Prompt Engineering, a crucial skill for working with Artificial Intelligence, especially Large Language Models (LLMs).
It's essentially the art of crafting effective inputs (prompts) to get the best possible outputs from an AI model.
Guiding the AI
Think of an LLM as a brilliant but sometimes vague assistant. Without clear instructions, it might give you generic or unhelpful answers.
Prompt engineering helps us:
- Get precise, relevant responses.
- Control the AI's behavior and style.
- Unlock the full potential of AI tools.
Basic Prompt Structure
A good prompt usually has two main parts: a clear instruction and relevant context.
The instruction tells the AI what to do, and the context gives it the information to work with. Try running this basic example:
def send_prompt(prompt_text):
# In a real app, this would call an AI API
print(f"Sending to AI:\n---\n{prompt_text}\n---")
if __name__ == "__main__":
instruction = "Summarize the following text."
context = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
full_prompt = f"{instruction}\n\nText: {context}"
send_prompt(full_prompt)Clarity is Key
Vague prompts lead to vague answers. Be as precise as possible about what you want, including length, tone, and specific details.
Compare these two prompts:
def send_prompt(prompt_text):
print(f"Sending to AI:\n---\n{prompt_text}\n---")
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Vague prompt
vague_prompt = "Write about dogs."
send_prompt(f"Vague prompt:\n{vague_prompt}")
# Specific prompt
specific_prompt = (
"Write a short, factual paragraph (50-70 words) "
"about the average lifespan and common breeds of domestic dogs. "
"Use a friendly, informative tone."
)
send_prompt(f"\nSpecific prompt:\n{specific_prompt}")Role-Playing with Prompts
You can guide the AI to adopt a specific persona or role. This helps tailor the response style and content to your needs.
The AI will try to "think" like the persona you assign. See this example:
def send_prompt(prompt_text):
print(f"Sending to AI:\n---\n{prompt_text}\n---")
if __name__ == "__main__":
persona_prompt = (
"Act as a seasoned travel blogger. "
"Write a catchy Instagram caption for a photo "
"of a beautiful sunset over Santorini, Greece. "
"Include relevant emojis and hashtags."
)
send_prompt(persona_prompt)Learning from Examples
Sometimes, showing the AI a few input-output examples helps it understand the desired pattern better than just instructions. This technique is called few-shot learning.
It's great for tasks like classification or rephrasing:
def send_prompt(prompt_text):
print(f"Sending to AI:\n---\n{prompt_text}\n---")
if __name__ == "__main__":
few_shot_prompt = (
"Classify the following food items as Fruit or Vegetable:\n\n"
"Input: Apple -> Output: Fruit\n"
"Input: Carrot -> Output: Vegetable\n"
"Input: Banana -> Output: " # AI would complete this
)
send_prompt(few_shot_prompt)Control the Output Format
You can instruct the AI to return information in a specific structure, such as bullet points, numbered lists, tables, or even JSON.
This is very useful for integrating AI output into applications:
def send_prompt(prompt_text):
print(f"Sending to AI:\n---\n{prompt_text}\n---")
if __name__ == "__main__":
format_prompt = (
"List 3 benefits of cloud computing in a numbered list format.\n\n"
"1." # AI would complete this
)
send_prompt(format_prompt)
json_format_prompt = (
"Provide details for a person named 'Jane Doe' "
"who is 28 years old and works as a 'Software Engineer'. "
"Output this as a JSON object with keys 'name', 'age', and 'occupation'."
)
send_prompt(f"\n{json_format_prompt}")Refine & Iterate
Prompt engineering is rarely a one-shot deal. You'll often need to refine your prompts based on the AI's initial responses.
Think of it as a conversation: start simple, analyze the response, then add or change instructions to get closer to your desired outcome.
What to Avoid
Keep these in mind to avoid common prompt engineering mistakes:
- Vagueness: "Tell me about cars" is too broad.
- Overloading: Too many complex instructions at once.
- Ambiguity: Words with multiple meanings without context.
- Lack of Context: Assuming the AI knows your specific internal information.
Test Your Prompt Skills
Which of the following prompts is the most effective for asking an AI to generate a short, positive review for a new coffee shop called "Bean There, Done That"?
Recap: Guiding Your AI
You've learned the fundamentals of prompt engineering!
- Be Clear: Use precise instructions.
- Provide Context: Give the AI necessary information.
- Set Persona: Guide the AI's role and tone.
- Use Examples: Show desired patterns with few-shot learning.
- Specify Format: Control the output structure.
- Iterate: Refine your prompts for better results.
Mastering these techniques will significantly improve your AI interactions!
Perguntas Frequentes
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Entenda os fundamentos da engenharia de prompts para interagir com eficácia e orientar modelos de linguagem de grande porte. Você pratica AI Powered SaaS: Stripe + Auth + Billing + Deploy com código prático que executa diretamente no navegador, e um tutor de IA 24/7 responde suas dúvidas enquanto trabalha na aula.
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Todas as aulas deste curso
- Integração de APIs de serviços de IA
- Fundamentos da engenharia de prompts
- Incorporando IA à interface do usuário
- Respostas de IA em streaming