재시도 로직과 백그라운드 URLSession

재시도하는 이유

func fetch(retries: Int = 3) async throws -> Data {
  for attempt in 0..<retries {
    do {
      return try await URLSession.shared.data(from: url).0
    } catch {
      if attempt == retries - 1 { throw error }
    }
  }
  fatalError("unreachable")
}

지수형 재시도 대기

for attempt in 0..<maxRetries {
  do { return try await fetch() } catch {
    if attempt < maxRetries - 1 {
      try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: UInt64(pow(2.0, Double(attempt))) * 1_000_000_000)
    } else { throw error }
  }
}

동시 재시도 폭주를 막는 무작위 지연

let baseDelay = pow(2.0, Double(attempt))
let jitter = Double.random(in: 0..<1)
let delay = (baseDelay + jitter) * 1_000_000_000
try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: UInt64(delay))

재시도 가능한 오류와 불가능한 오류

func isRetryable(_ error: Error) -> Bool {
  if let urlErr = error as? URLError {
    return urlErr.code == .timedOut || urlErr.code == .networkConnectionLost
  }
  if let netErr = error as? NetworkError, case .httpError(let code) = netErr {
    return code >= 500
  }
  return false
}

백그라운드 URLSession

let config = URLSessionConfiguration.background(withIdentifier: "com.myapp.background")
let session = URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil)

백그라운드를 위한 URLSessionDelegate

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL) {
  let dest = documentsURL.appendingPathComponent("download.pdf")
  try? FileManager.default.moveItem(at: location, to: dest)
}

백그라운드 앱 새로 고침 처리기

func application(_ app: UIApplication, handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession id: String, completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
  backgroundCompletionHandler = completionHandler
}
func urlSessionDidFinishEvents(forBackgroundURLSession session: URLSession) {
  DispatchQueue.main.async { self.backgroundCompletionHandler?() }
}

백그라운드 세션을 사용한 다운로드 작업

let task = session.downloadTask(with: URL(string: "https://cdn.example.com/large.zip")!)
task.resume()

백그라운드 업로드 작업

var request = URLRequest(url: uploadURL)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
let task = session.uploadTask(with: request, fromFile: localFileURL)
task.resume()

진행 상황 추적

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask, didSendBodyData bytesSent: Int64, totalBytesSent: Int64, totalBytesExpectedToSend: Int64) {
  let progress = Double(totalBytesSent) / Double(totalBytesExpectedToSend)
  DispatchQueue.main.async { self.uploadProgress = progress }
}

재시도와 백그라운드 처리 결합

// API calls: async/await + exponential backoff retry
// Large downloads: URLSessionConfiguration.background + delegate

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