Core Data 스택: NSPersistentContainer 설정

Core Data 개요

import CoreData
// Key classes: NSPersistentContainer, NSManagedObjectContext
// NSManagedObject, NSFetchRequest

NSPersistentContainer 생성하기

let container = NSPersistentContainer(name: "MyModel")
container.loadPersistentStores { desc, error in
  if let error { fatalError("Core Data failed: \(error)") }
}

PersistenceController 패턴

struct PersistenceController {
  static let shared = PersistenceController()
  let container: NSPersistentContainer
  init() {
    container = NSPersistentContainer(name: "MyModel")
    container.loadPersistentStores { _, error in
      if let error { fatalError("\(error)") }
    }
  }
}

viewContext 및 backgroundContext

let viewCtx = PersistenceController.shared.container.viewContext
let bgCtx = PersistenceController.shared.container.newBackgroundContext()

관리 객체 생성하기

let item = Item(context: viewCtx)
item.timestamp = Date()
try? viewCtx.save()

객체 가져오기

let request: NSFetchRequest<Item> = Item.fetchRequest()
request.sortDescriptors = [NSSortDescriptor(key: "timestamp", ascending: false)]
let items = try? viewCtx.fetch(request)

컨텍스트 저장하기

do {
  try viewCtx.save()
} catch {
  print("Save failed: \(error)")
  viewCtx.rollback()
}

@FetchRequest로 SwiftUI 통합하기

struct ItemList: View {
  @FetchRequest(
    sortDescriptors: [SortDescriptor(\Item.timestamp, order: .reverse)]
  ) var items: FetchedResults<Item>
  var body: some View {
    List(items) { Text($0.timestamp!.formatted()) }
  }
}

SwiftUI에 viewContext 주입하기

@main
struct MyApp: App {
  let persistence = PersistenceController.shared
  var body: some Scene {
    WindowGroup {
      ContentView()
        .environment(\.managedObjectContext, persistence.container.viewContext)
    }
  }
}

객체 삭제하기

viewCtx.delete(item)
try? viewCtx.save()

테스트를 위한 메모리 내 저장소

let desc = NSPersistentStoreDescription()
desc.type = NSInMemoryStoreType
container.persistentStoreDescriptions = [desc]
container.loadPersistentStores { _, _ in }

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