GET과 POST: 각각 언제 사용할까요

웹 PHP의 HTTP 메서드

GET 메서드

<!-- HTML form -->
<form method="GET" action="search.php">
    <input name="query" type="text">
    <button type="submit">Search</button>
</form>

<!-- URL becomes: search.php?query=php+tutorial -->

<?php
$q = $_GET['query'] ?? '';
echo 'You searched for: ' . htmlspecialchars($q);

POST 메서드

<!-- HTML form -->
<form method="POST" action="login.php">
    <input name="email" type="email">
    <input name="password" type="password">
    <button type="submit">Log In</button>
</form>

<?php
$email    = $_POST['email']    ?? '';
$password = $_POST['password'] ?? '';

GET을 사용하는 경우

POST를 사용하는 경우

GET 길이 제한

<?php
// php.ini settings for POST limits:
// post_max_size = 8M   (total POST body size)
// upload_max_filesize = 2M

// Check current limits at runtime:
echo ini_get('post_max_size');        // 8M
echo ini_get('upload_max_filesize');  // 2M

$_REQUEST 슈퍼전역

<?php
// Works for both GET and POST but is ambiguous
$name = $_REQUEST['name'] ?? '';

// Better: be explicit about the expected method
$name = match($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']) {
    'GET'  => $_GET['name']  ?? '',
    'POST' => $_POST['name'] ?? '',
    default => '',
};

요청 메서드 확인

<?php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
    $name = trim($_POST['name'] ?? '');
    if (!empty($name)) {
        echo 'Hello, ' . htmlspecialchars($name);
    }
} else {
    // Show empty form
}

HTTPS와 데이터 보안

POST 후 리디렉션(PRG 패턴)

<?php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
    // Process the form...
    $id = saveToDatabase($_POST);
    
    // Post-Redirect-Get (PRG) pattern
    header('Location: /success.php?id=' . $id);
    exit;
}

파일 업로드를 위한 멀티파트 양식

<!-- Required for file uploads -->
<form method="POST" action="upload.php"
      enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="avatar">
    <button type="submit">Upload</button>
</form>

<?php
$file = $_FILES['avatar'];
echo $file['name'];  // original filename

빠른 확인

복습: GET과 POST 비교