여러 입력을 위한 map2()와 pmap()

여러 입력에 대해 반복하기

library(purrr)

# Simulate: add corresponding elements from two vectors
x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4)
y <- c(10, 20, 30, 40)

# map2 applies fn(x[i], y[i]) for each i
result <- map2(x, y, function(a, b) a + b)
print(result)

map2() — 두 개의 병렬 입력

library(purrr)

names_vec <- c('Alice','Bob','Carol')
scores_vec <- c(85, 92, 78)

# Build a personalized message for each student
map2_chr(names_vec, scores_vec,
         ~paste(.x, 'scored', .y, 'points'))

~ 축약형과 함께 map2() 사용하기

library(purrr)

lower_bounds <- c(0, 10, 20, 50)
upper_bounds <- c(9, 19, 49, 100)

# Create labels for each range
map2_chr(lower_bounds, upper_bounds,
         ~paste0('[', .x, '-', .y, ']'))

형식 지정 map2() 변형

library(purrr)

actual <- c(100, 150, 200, 120)
target <- c(110, 140, 195, 130)

# Numeric: percentage achievement
map2_dbl(actual, target, ~round(100 * .x / .y, 1))

# Logical: did they meet their target?
map2_lgl(actual, target, ~.x >= .y)

pmap() — 임의 개수의 입력

library(purrr)

# Three parallel inputs
params <- list(
  name = c('Alice','Bob','Carol'),
  score = c(85, 92, 78),
  grade = c('B','A','C')
)

pmap_chr(params, function(name, score, grade) {
  paste(name, ':', score, '(', grade, ')')
})

데이터 프레임과 함께 pmap() 사용하기

library(purrr)

params_df <- data.frame(
  mean_val = c(0, 5, 10),
  sd_val = c(1, 2, 3),
  n = c(100, 50, 200)
)

# Generate samples from different normal distributions
set.seed(42)
results <- pmap(params_df, function(mean_val, sd_val, n) {
  rnorm(n, mean=mean_val, sd=sd_val)
})

map_dbl(results, mean)

매개변수 격자에 대해 반복하기

library(purrr)

# Create a parameter grid
grid <- expand.grid(
  learning_rate = c(0.01, 0.1),
  epochs = c(10, 50),
  batch_size = c(32, 64)
)

# Simulate model training results
set.seed(42)
grid$accuracy <- pmap_dbl(grid, function(learning_rate, epochs, batch_size) {
  base <- 0.5 + 0.3 * log10(epochs) + 0.1 * learning_rate
  round(min(base + rnorm(1, 0, 0.02), 0.99), 3)
})

print(grid[order(-grid$accuracy),])

map2_df() — 데이터 프레임 만들기

library(purrr)

q1_sales <- list(East=100, West=200, North=80)
q2_sales <- list(East=120, West=190, North=95)

map2_df(q1_sales, q2_sales, function(q1, q2) {
  data.frame(
    q1 = q1,
    q2 = q2,
    change = q2 - q1,
    pct = round(100*(q2-q1)/q1, 1)
  )
}, .id = 'region')

pmap()과 nest() 결합하기

library(purrr)
library(dplyr)

# Simulate polynomial regression with different degrees
set.seed(42)
x <- 1:20
y <- 2*x + 0.5*x^2 + rnorm(20, 0, 10)
df <- data.frame(x=x, y=y)

configs <- data.frame(degree = 1:3)
configs$r2 <- map_dbl(configs$degree, function(d) {
  m <- lm(y ~ poly(x, d), data=df)
  summary(m)$r.squared
})

print(configs)

possibly()로 오류 처리하기

library(purrr)

safe_log <- possibly(log, otherwise=NA_real_)

values <- list(10, -5, 100, 0, 50)

# Without possibly(): log() warns for negative numbers
# With possibly(): errors return NA, computation continues
map_dbl(values, safe_log)

실습: pmap()을 사용한 교차 검증

library(purrr)

set.seed(42)
df <- data.frame(x=1:20, y=2*(1:20)+rnorm(20,0,3))
df$fold <- sample(rep(1:5, 4))

# Compute RMSE for each held-out fold
folds <- 1:5
rmse_vals <- map_dbl(folds, function(k) {
  train <- df[df$fold != k, ]
  test <- df[df$fold == k, ]
  m <- lm(y ~ x, data=train)
  preds <- predict(m, newdata=test)
  sqrt(mean((test$y - preds)^2))
})

cat('Per-fold RMSE:', round(rmse_vals, 2), '\n')
cat('Mean RMSE:', round(mean(rmse_vals), 2))

빠른 확인

복습: map2()와 pmap()

library(purrr)

# pmap with a data frame: each row = one function call
params <- data.frame(
  mean_val = c(0, 10, 100),
  sd_val = c(1, 5, 20),
  label = c('control','mid','high')
)

pmap_chr(params, function(mean_val, sd_val, label) {
  sprintf('%s: mean=%.0f, sd=%.0f', label, mean_val, sd_val)
})