코루틴과 일시 중단 함수

문제: UI 스레드 차단

코루틴이란 무엇인가요

suspend 함수

import kotlinx.coroutines.*

suspend fun fetchData(): String {
    delay(1000)  // simulates 1 second network call
    return "Data loaded!"
}

fun main() = runBlocking {
    println("Fetching...")
    val result = fetchData()  // suspends here, doesn't block
    println(result)           // Data loaded!
    println("Done")
}

코루틴 범위

launch와 async

import kotlinx.coroutines.*

fun main() = runBlocking {
    // launch: no return value
    launch {
        delay(500)
        println("launch done")
    }

    // async: returns a Deferred<T>
    val deferred = async {
        delay(300)
        42
    }
    val result = deferred.await()
    println("async result: $result")
}

Dispatchers: 어떤 스레드에서 실행될까요?

viewModelScope 예제

import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.*

class DataViewModel : ViewModel() {

    fun loadData() {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            // Switch to IO thread for network
            val data = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
                // simulate network request
                delay(1000)
                "Result from server"
            }
            // Back on Main thread — safe to update UI
            _uiState.value = data
        }
    }
}

코루틴의 오류 처리

viewModelScope.launch {
    try {
        val result = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
            api.fetchUser()  // may throw IOException
        }
        _user.value = result
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        _error.value = "Failed: ${e.message}"
    }
}

병렬 코루틴

viewModelScope.launch {
    // Both run at the same time!
    val userDeferred = async(Dispatchers.IO) { api.getUser() }
    val postsDeferred = async(Dispatchers.IO) { api.getPosts() }

    val user = userDeferred.await()
    val posts = postsDeferred.await()

    _state.value = UiState(user, posts)
}

빠른 확인

복습: 코루틴