componentNによる分割代入宣言

分解宣言の基本

データクラスの分解

data class Point(val x: Int, val y: Int)
fun main() {
    val p = Point(3, 5)
    val (x, y) = p
    println("x=$x, y=$y")
}

Pair の分解

fun main() {
    val pair = "Ada" to 35
    val (name, age) = pair
    println("$name is $age")
}

Triple の分解

fun main() {
    val rgb = Triple(255, 128, 0)
    val (r, g, b) = rgb
    println("R=$r G=$g B=$b")
}

Map の反復処理での分解

fun main() {
    val ages = mapOf("Alice" to 30, "Bob" to 25)
    for ((name, age) in ages) {
        println("$name -> $age")
    }
}

ラムダでの分解

fun main() {
    val pairs = listOf("a" to 1, "b" to 2, "c" to 3)
    pairs.forEach { (letter, num) -> println("$letter=$num") }
}

_ による値の無視

data class User(val name: String, val email: String, val age: Int)
fun main() {
    val u = User("Ada", "ada@example.com", 35)
    val (name, _, age) = u
    println("$name ($age)")
}

複数の値を返す

data class Result(val sum: Int, val product: Int)
fun computeBoth(a: Int, b: Int) = Result(a + b, a * b)
fun main() {
    val (s, p) = computeBoth(4, 5)
    println("sum=$s product=$p")
}

カスタム componentN

class RGB(val r: Int, val g: Int, val b: Int) {
    operator fun component1() = r
    operator fun component2() = g
    operator fun component3() = b
}
fun main() {
    val (red, green, blue) = RGB(255, 100, 0)
    println("$red $green $blue")
}

withIndex() を使った分解

fun main() {
    val fruits = listOf("apple", "banana", "cherry")
    for ((idx, fruit) in fruits.withIndex()) {
        println("$idx: $fruit")
    }
}

制限：位置に基づく

data class Point(val x: Int, val y: Int)
fun main() {
    val p = Point(10, 20)
    val (a, b) = p // a=x, b=y
    // Add a property in the middle and old destructuring shifts!
    println("$a $b")
}

クイックチェック

まとめ