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Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge) · レッスン

WebページのDOM操作

WebページのDocument Object Model(DOM)を操作し、要素や属性を追加、削除、変更します。

「WebページのDOM操作」はCoddyKit上の無料Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)レッスンです。 これはレッスン2/4です。 下記で完全なレッスンを無料で読むことができます。その後、ブラウザ内の組み込みコードエディタと24時間対応のAIチューターでハンズオン演習できます。 これはBrowser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)学習パスの一部であり、ウェブとCoddyKitアプリ全体で進捗が同期されます。 Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)コースには全4レッスンが含まれています。

このレッスンの一部はまだ翻訳されておらず、英語で表示されています。

Intro to DOM Modification

Welcome to modifying web page content! This lesson teaches you how to change what users see on a website using your extension.

We'll dive into the Document Object Model (DOM), which is like a tree structure representing all the elements on a web page. Your extension's content scripts can interact with this tree.

Finding Elements on a Page

Before you can change an element, you need to find it! JavaScript provides several ways to select elements from the DOM.

  • document.querySelector(): Finds the first element matching a CSS selector.
  • document.querySelectorAll(): Finds all elements matching a CSS selector.
  • document.getElementById(): Finds an element by its unique ID.

These are your primary tools for targeting specific parts of a web page.

Accessing Elements: Demo

Let's see how to grab an element. Imagine a web page has a paragraph with the ID 'myParagraph' and several other paragraphs.

Try running this code:

// This code would run in your content script.
// It assumes a page with a <p id="myParagraph"> and other <p> tags.

const specificParagraph = document.getElementById('myParagraph');
const allParagraphs = document.querySelectorAll('p');

if (specificParagraph) {
  console.log('Found specific paragraph:', specificParagraph.textContent);
}

console.log('Total paragraphs on page:', allParagraphs.length);

// For demonstration, we'll change a dummy element if it exists.
// In a real scenario, this would modify the live page.
const dummyDiv = document.createElement('div');
dummyDiv.id = 'coddykit-output';
document.body.append(dummyDiv);

if (specificParagraph) {
  dummyDiv.textContent = `Found by ID: ${specificParagraph.textContent}. Total Ps: ${allParagraphs.length}`;
} else {
  dummyDiv.textContent = `No #myParagraph found. Total Ps: ${allParagraphs.length}`;
}

Updating Text Content

Once you have an element, changing its text is straightforward. You can use the textContent property.

textContent sets or returns the text content of the specified node and all its descendants. It's generally preferred over innerText for performance and security.

Changing Text: Demo

Let's update the text of the first heading on a page. This is a common task for extensions that want to add information or warnings.

What do you think this will do to the page's main heading?

// This code would run in your content script.
// It assumes the page has at least one <h1> element.

const mainHeading = document.querySelector('h1');

if (mainHeading) {
  mainHeading.textContent = '🥳 This Heading Was Modified by CoddyKit!';
  mainHeading.style.color = 'blue'; // Add some style for visibility
} else {
  // If no h1, create one to show the effect
  const newHeading = document.createElement('h1');
  newHeading.textContent = '🥳 New Heading from CoddyKit!';
  newHeading.style.color = 'blue';
  document.body.prepend(newHeading);
}

Altering Element Attributes

Elements often have attributes like src for images, href for links, or class for styling. You can change these too!

  • element.setAttribute(name, value): Adds or updates an attribute.
  • element.removeAttribute(name): Removes an attribute.
  • element.classList.add(className): Adds a CSS class.
  • element.classList.remove(className): Removes a CSS class.

Attributes & Classes: Demo

Let's change an image's source and add a class to a paragraph. Imagine you want to replace a placeholder image or highlight certain text.

Try running this example:

// This code would run in your content script.
// It assumes a page has an <img> and a <p> element.

const firstImage = document.querySelector('img');
const firstParagraph = document.querySelector('p');

if (firstImage) {
  firstImage.setAttribute('src', 'https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_272x92dp.png');
  firstImage.setAttribute('alt', 'CoddyKit Replaced Image');
  firstImage.style.border = '2px solid green'; // Make changes visible
}

if (firstParagraph) {
  firstParagraph.classList.add('coddykit-highlight');
  // Add some inline style for the added class for visibility
  firstParagraph.style.backgroundColor = '#ffff0050'; // Light yellow tint
  firstParagraph.style.padding = '5px';
  firstParagraph.textContent += ' (Highlighted by CoddyKit!)';
} else {
  const newP = document.createElement('p');
  newP.textContent = 'This is a new paragraph with a highlight!';
  newP.classList.add('coddykit-highlight');
  newP.style.backgroundColor = '#ffff0050';
  newP.style.padding = '5px';
  document.body.append(newP);
}

Creating & Adding New Elements

Extensions can also inject entirely new content into a page! This is how you might add custom buttons, sidebars, or notifications.

  • document.createElement(tagName): Creates a new element node.
  • parentNode.appendChild(childNode): Adds a node as the last child of a parent.
  • parentNode.prepend(childNode): Adds a node as the first child of a parent.
  • parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode): Inserts a node before a reference node.

Injecting Elements: Demo

Let's create a new div element and add it to the very top of the web page's body.

This demonstrates how an extension can seamlessly integrate new UI elements.

// This code would run in your content script.

const newDiv = document.createElement('div');
newDiv.textContent = '👋 Hello from your CoddyKit Extension!';
newDiv.style.backgroundColor = '#ADD8E6'; // Light blue background
newDiv.style.padding = '10px';
newDiv.style.textAlign = 'center';
newDiv.style.borderBottom = '1px solid #87CEEB';
newDiv.style.position = 'sticky';
newDiv.style.top = '0';
newDiv.style.width = '100%';
newDiv.style.zIndex = '9999';

document.body.prepend(newDiv); // Add to the top of the body

// You can also remove elements:
// const elementToRemove = document.querySelector('.some-ad-class');
// if (elementToRemove) {
//   elementToRemove.remove();
// }

Quick Check: DOM Actions

Which of the following JavaScript methods can be used to add, remove, or modify elements on a web page?

Recap: Modifying Web Pages

Great job! You've learned the core techniques for interacting with and modifying a web page's structure and content using content scripts.

  • You can find elements using querySelector, querySelectorAll, and getElementById.
  • You can change text with textContent.
  • You can alter attributes and classes with setAttribute, removeAttribute, classList.add, and classList.remove.
  • You can create and inject new elements using createElement and methods like appendChild or prepend.
  • You can remove elements with element.remove().

These powerful tools allow your extension to truly customize the user's browsing experience. Next, we'll explore how to interact with the data on these pages!

よくある質問

「WebページのDOM操作」レッスンは無料ですか?

はい。「WebページのDOM操作」の完全なテキストはこのウェブで無料で読めます。インタラクティブに演習し(組み込みコードエディタと24時間対応のAIチューター)、Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)コースの残りをアンロックするには、CoddyKit PROにアップグレードしてください。 Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)コースには全4レッスンが含まれています。

「WebページのDOM操作」で何を学びますか?

WebページのDocument Object Model(DOM)を操作し、要素や属性を追加、削除、変更します。 ブラウザで直接実行するハンズオンコードでBrowser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)を演習し、24時間対応のAIチューターがレッスンを進める中での質問に答えます。

Browser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)を始めるのに経験は必要ですか?

事前経験は必要ありません。CoddyKitのBrowser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)は初級者から上級者向けに構成されているため、ここから始めるか最初から始めて、自分のペースで進むことができます。 これはレッスン2/4です。

「WebページのDOM操作」レッスンにはどのくらい時間がかかりますか?

ほとんどのCoddyKitレッスンは約5~10分かかります。各レッスンはコンパクトでインタラクティブなので、着実に進歩し、ウェブとアプリ全体で正確に前回の場所から再開できます。

このBrowser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)レッスンでコードを書いて実行できますか?

はい。すべてのBrowser Extensions Development (Chrome & Edge)レッスンに組み込みコードエディタが含まれているため、ブラウザでリアルコードを書いて実行し、即座のAIフィードバックを取得できます。ローカル設定は不要です。

このコースのすべてのレッスン

  1. Content Scriptの挿入
  2. WebページのDOM操作
  3. Webページのデータ操作
  4. CSSの注入とスタイルの分離
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