Proof of Stake
Validator dan staking
Proof of Stake adalah pelajaran Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals gratis di CoddyKit. Ini adalah pelajaran 2 dari 4. Kamu bisa membaca pelajaran lengkapnya di bawah secara gratis — lalu praktikkan langsung di browser dengan editor kode bawaan dan tutor AI 24/7. Ini adalah bagian dari jalur belajar Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals, dan progresmu tersinkronisasi di web dan aplikasi CoddyKit. Kursus Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals mencakup 4 pelajaran total.
Bagian dari pelajaran ini belum diterjemahkan dan ditampilkan dalam bahasa Inggris.
Why an Alternative to PoW?
Proof of Work is secure but energy-hungry. Proof of Stake (PoS) seeks the same security guarantees while using a tiny fraction of the energy.
Ethereum switched from PoW to PoS in 2022 in an event called The Merge.
What Is Proof of Stake?
In Proof of Stake, the right to create a block is tied to how much cryptocurrency a participant locks up, or stakes, rather than how much computation they do.
Block creators are called validators, not miners.
Validators
A validator deposits a stake to participate in producing and attesting to blocks. On Ethereum, the required stake is 32 ETH per validator.
Validators propose blocks and vote (attest) that other blocks are valid.
Validator {
stake: 32 ETH
status: active
role: propose + attest
}Staking
Staking means locking up funds as collateral. This stake is the security deposit that keeps validators honest.
If you behave correctly you earn rewards; if you cheat, your stake is at risk.
Choosing a Block Proposer
The protocol pseudo-randomly selects one validator to propose the next block, often weighted by stake size.
Because selection is random and based on stake rather than hashing, there is no energy-intensive race.
Each slot:
proposer = randomSelect(
activeValidators,
weightedByStake)
proposer builds the blockAttestations
Other validators issue attestations — signed votes confirming a proposed block is valid and is the head of the chain.
When enough attestations accumulate, the block becomes part of the canonical chain.
Rewards
Validators earn rewards for proposing blocks and attesting on time. Rewards are paid in the network's native token.
This steady yield incentivizes honest, reliable participation.
Slashing
Slashing is the penalty for malicious behavior, such as proposing two conflicting blocks. The protocol destroys part of the offender's stake.
Slashing makes attacks financially painful — you literally lose money for cheating.
If validator double-signs:
burn part of stake
eject validator from setEconomic Security
PoS replaces PoW's energy cost with economic cost. To attack the chain, you must acquire a huge stake — and a successful attack would crash the very token you staked.
This makes attacking self-defeating.
Energy Efficiency
Because validators do not race to solve puzzles, PoS uses dramatically less energy than PoW — Ethereum's consumption dropped over 99% after The Merge.
This efficiency is PoS's headline advantage.
Putting It Together
Proof of Stake secures the chain with capital at risk instead of energy. Validators stake funds, propose and attest to blocks, earn rewards, and risk slashing for misbehavior.
Quick Check
Test your Proof of Stake knowledge.
Recap: Proof of Stake
You learned that:
- PoS ties block creation to staked capital, not computation
- Validators propose and attest to blocks
- Staking provides collateral; rewards pay honest behavior
- Slashing punishes misbehavior
- PoS is far more energy efficient than PoW
Next: other consensus mechanisms.
Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan
Apakah pelajaran “Proof of Stake” gratis?
Ya — teks lengkap “Proof of Stake” gratis dibaca di sini di web. Untuk praktiknya secara interaktif (editor kode bawaan dan tutor AI 24/7) dan buka sisa kursus Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals, upgrade ke CoddyKit PRO. Kursus Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals mencakup 4 pelajaran total.
Apa yang akan aku pelajari di “Proof of Stake”?
Validator dan staking Kamu berlatih Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals dengan kode praktik yang langsung kamu jalankan di browser, dan tutor AI 24/7 menjawab pertanyaanmu saat kamu mengerjakan pelajaran ini.
Apakah aku perlu pengalaman untuk memulai Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals?
Tidak diperlukan pengalaman sebelumnya. Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals di CoddyKit dirancang untuk pemula hingga pelajar tingkat lanjut, jadi kamu bisa memulai di sini atau dari awal dan belajar sesuai kecepatan kamu sendiri. Ini adalah pelajaran 2 dari 4.
Berapa lama pelajaran “Proof of Stake” memakan waktu?
Sebagian besar pelajaran CoddyKit memakan waktu sekitar 5–10 menit. Setiap pelajaran ringkas dan interaktif, jadi kamu membuat kemajuan stabil dan melanjutkan dari tempat kamu tinggalkan di web dan aplikasi.
Bisakah aku menulis dan menjalankan kode dalam pelajaran Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals ini?
Ya. Setiap pelajaran Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals menyertakan editor kode bawaan, jadi kamu menulis dan menjalankan kode nyata langsung di browser dan mendapatkan umpan balik AI instan — tidak diperlukan penyiapan lokal.
Semua pelajaran dalam kursus ini
- Proof of Work
- Proof of Stake
- Mekanisme Lain
- Finalitas dan Fork