Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals · Pelajaran

Foundry vs Hardhat

Peralatan berbasis Rust

Foundry vs Hardhat adalah pelajaran Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals gratis di CoddyKit. Ini adalah pelajaran 1 dari 4. Kamu bisa membaca pelajaran lengkapnya di bawah secara gratis — lalu praktikkan langsung di browser dengan editor kode bawaan dan tutor AI 24/7. Ini adalah bagian dari jalur belajar Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals, dan progresmu tersinkronisasi di web dan aplikasi CoddyKit. Kursus Web3 & DApp Development Fundamentals mencakup 4 pelajaran total.

Bagian dari pelajaran ini belum diterjemahkan dan ditampilkan dalam bahasa Inggris.

Apa Itu Foundry

Foundry adalah toolkit berbasis Rust yang cepat untuk pengembangan Ethereum. Ini memungkinkan Anda menulis pengujian, skrip, dan deployment sepenuhnya dalam Solidity, tanpa memerlukan lapisan JavaScript.

Kecepatannya dan pengujian Solidity-native telah menjadikannya pilihan dominan bagi banyak tim kontrak pintar profesional.

The Four Tools

Foundry ships as four command-line tools:

forge — build, test, and deploy contracts
cast — interact with chains and contracts from the CLI
anvil — a local development blockchain
chisel — a Solidity REPL

Together they cover the full development lifecycle.

What Is Hardhat

Hardhat is a JavaScript and TypeScript based development environment. Tests and scripts are written in JS/TS using libraries like ethers.js or viem, and it has a rich plugin ecosystem.

It is well suited to teams comfortable in the Node.js world and projects with heavy off-chain tooling.

Language for Tests

The biggest difference is the testing language:

Foundry — tests are Solidity contracts; no context switch from your contract code
Hardhat — tests are JavaScript/TypeScript using a chai-style assertion library

Solidity tests give Foundry direct access to internal state and low-level cheatcodes.

// Foundry test (Solidity)
function testIncrement() public {
    counter.increment();
    assertEq(counter.number(), 1);
}

Speed

Foundry's Rust implementation and native EVM make it dramatically faster than Hardhat's Node-based runner, often by an order of magnitude on large suites.

Fast feedback loops matter: when tests run in milliseconds, developers run them constantly, catching bugs earlier.

Project Layout

A Foundry project has a conventional structure:

src/ — your contracts
test/ — Solidity test files (suffix .t.sol)
script/ — deployment scripts (suffix .s.sol)
lib/ — dependencies installed as git submodules
foundry.toml — configuration

myproject/
  src/Counter.sol
  test/Counter.t.sol
  script/Deploy.s.sol
  lib/forge-std/
  foundry.toml

Dependency Management

Foundry installs dependencies as git submodules via forge install, with import remappings instead of an npm registry. Hardhat uses npm packages.

Submodules keep exact source pinned in your repo, while npm offers familiar versioning and a vast package ecosystem.

$ forge install OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts
# adds to lib/ and updates remappings

Cheatcodes

Foundry's killer feature is cheatcodes: special calls via the vm object that manipulate EVM state in tests. You can warp time, set balances, impersonate addresses, and expect reverts.

Hardhat offers similar capabilities through helper plugins, but Foundry's are built in and accessible directly from Solidity.

vm.warp(block.timestamp + 1 days);
vm.prank(alice);
vm.expectRevert("not owner");

Scripting and Deployment

Foundry deployments are Solidity scripts run with forge script, using vm.startBroadcast() to send real transactions. Hardhat deployments are JS scripts run with hardhat run.

Solidity scripting keeps deployment logic in the same language as the contracts, reducing context switching.

function run() external {
    vm.startBroadcast();
    new Counter();
    vm.stopBroadcast();
}

Choosing Between Them

There is no universal winner:

Choose Foundry for speed, fuzzing, and Solidity-native testing
Choose Hardhat for rich JS/TS tooling and a large plugin ecosystem

Many teams use both: Foundry for unit and fuzz tests, Hardhat for complex deployment and integration tasks. They can coexist in one repo.

Installing Foundry

Foundry installs via foundryup, a version manager that fetches the latest binaries. Once installed, forge init scaffolds a new project ready to build and test.

$ curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash
$ foundryup
$ forge init my_project

Quick Check

In what language are Foundry tests written?

Recap

You compared the two main toolkits:

Foundry is Rust-based with Solidity tests; Hardhat is Node-based with JS/TS tests
Foundry tools: forge, cast, anvil, chisel
Foundry is faster and has built-in cheatcodes and fuzzing
Dependencies via git submodules vs npm

Next we dive into writing tests with forge.

Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan

Apakah pelajaran “Foundry vs Hardhat” gratis?

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Apa yang akan aku pelajari di “Foundry vs Hardhat”?

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