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React Native Academy · Pelajaran

Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin

Buat ReactContextBaseJavaModule dalam Kotlin, beri anotasi pada sebuah method dengan @ReactMethod, tampilkan melalui ReactPackage, lalu panggil dari JavaScript.

Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin adalah pelajaran React Native Academy gratis di CoddyKit. Ini adalah pelajaran 1 dari 4. Kamu bisa membaca pelajaran lengkapnya di bawah secara gratis — lalu praktikkan langsung di browser dengan editor kode bawaan dan tutor AI 24/7. Ini adalah bagian dari jalur belajar React Native Academy, dan progresmu tersinkronisasi di web dan aplikasi CoddyKit. Kursus React Native Academy mencakup 4 pelajaran total.

Bagian dari pelajaran ini belum diterjemahkan dan ditampilkan dalam bahasa Inggris.

What Is a Legacy Native Module

A legacy native module allows you to call native Android (Kotlin/Java) code from JavaScript in a React Native app. When the built-in React Native APIs do not cover a device feature you need, you write a native module to bridge the gap. Legacy modules use the Bridge architecture, which means calls go asynchronously across the JS-to-native bridge.

Creating the Kotlin Module Class

Every Android native module extends ReactContextBaseJavaModule. You override getName() to return the name that JavaScript will use to call your module. Place this class inside the android/app/src/main/java/com/yourapp/ folder alongside existing Android source files.

// ToastModule.kt
package com.yourapp

import android.widget.Toast
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactApplicationContext
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactContextBaseJavaModule
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactMethod

class ToastModule(reactContext: ReactApplicationContext) :
    ReactContextBaseJavaModule(reactContext) {

    override fun getName(): String = 'ToastModule'
}

Annotating Methods with @ReactMethod

Any method you want to expose to JavaScript must be annotated with @ReactMethod. The method must be public and its return type must be void — results are returned asynchronously via callbacks or promises, not return values. React Native serializes parameters automatically for basic types like String, Int, Boolean, and Double.

@ReactMethod
fun show(message: String, duration: Int) {
    val durationConst = if (duration == Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT else Toast.LENGTH_LONG
    Toast.makeText(reactApplicationContext, message, durationConst).show()
}

Creating the ReactPackage

Native modules must be registered through a ReactPackage. You implement the ReactPackage interface and return your module from createNativeModules. The package is then added to the list of packages in MainApplication.kt so React Native includes it at startup.

// ToastPackage.kt
package com.yourapp

import com.facebook.react.ReactPackage
import com.facebook.react.bridge.NativeModule
import com.facebook.react.bridge.ReactApplicationContext
import com.facebook.react.uimanager.ViewManager

class ToastPackage : ReactPackage {
    override fun createNativeModules(
        reactContext: ReactApplicationContext
    ): List<NativeModule> = listOf(ToastModule(reactContext))

    override fun createViewManagers(
        reactContext: ReactApplicationContext
    ): List<ViewManager<*, *>> = emptyList()
}

Registering the Package in MainApplication

Open MainApplication.kt and find the getPackages() method. Add an instance of your ToastPackage to the list. React Native calls this during startup to discover all available native modules and register their JavaScript interfaces.

// MainApplication.kt (inside getPackages)
override fun getPackages(): List<ReactPackage> =
    PackageList(this).packages.apply {
        add(ToastPackage()) // <-- register your package here
    }

Calling the Module from JavaScript

On the JavaScript side, import NativeModules from react-native and access your module by the name returned from getName(). Wrap the native module in a helper file to provide a clean TypeScript API and hide the raw NativeModules reference from your components.

// ToastModule.js
import { NativeModules } from 'react-native';

const { ToastModule } = NativeModules;

export function showToast(message, duration = 'short') {
  const dur = duration === 'short' ? 0 : 1;
  ToastModule.show(message, dur);
}

// Usage in a component:
// import { showToast } from './ToastModule';
// showToast('Hello from native!', 'long');

Returning Values with Promises

Because @ReactMethod methods must return void, you use Promise parameters to send data back to JavaScript. Add promise: Promise as the last parameter, call promise.resolve(value) on success, or promise.reject(code, message) on error. On the JS side you await the call like any async function.

// Kotlin
@ReactMethod
fun getDeviceName(promise: Promise) {
    try {
        val name = android.os.Build.MODEL
        promise.resolve(name)
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        promise.reject('ERROR', e.message)
    }
}

// JavaScript
const name = await NativeModules.MyModule.getDeviceName();
console.log('Device:', name);

Using Callbacks as an Alternative

Before Promises became standard, native modules used Callback parameters (Callback type in the SDK). You receive one or two callbacks — typically successCallback and errorCallback — and invoke them from native code. Callbacks can only be called once; use Promises or events for repeated responses.

@ReactMethod
fun getBatteryLevel(
    successCallback: Callback,
    errorCallback: Callback
) {
    try {
        val intent = reactApplicationContext.registerReceiver(
            null,
            android.content.IntentFilter(
                android.content.Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED
            )
        )
        val level = intent?.getIntExtra(
            android.os.BatteryManager.EXTRA_LEVEL, -1
        ) ?: -1
        successCallback.invoke(level)
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        errorCallback.invoke(e.message)
    }
}

Passing Complex Data with WritableMap

To return an object (JSON map) from native to JavaScript, use WritableMap and Arguments.createMap(). You add key-value pairs to the map using typed putters like putString, putInt, and putBoolean. The map is automatically serialized into a JavaScript object when it reaches the JS layer.

@ReactMethod
fun getDeviceInfo(promise: Promise) {
    val map = Arguments.createMap()
    map.putString('model', android.os.Build.MODEL)
    map.putString('brand', android.os.Build.BRAND)
    map.putInt('sdkVersion', android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT)
    map.putBoolean('isTablet', reactApplicationContext
        .resources.configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp >= 600)
    promise.resolve(map)
}

The isBlockingSynchronousMethod Annotation

By default all @ReactMethod calls are asynchronous. Adding isBlockingSynchronousMethod = true makes the call synchronous — the JS thread blocks until native returns. This is strongly discouraged in production because it freezes the UI, but it can be useful for debugging or reading a tiny cached value that must be available immediately.

@ReactMethod(isBlockingSynchronousMethod = true)
fun getAppVersionSync(): String {
    return reactApplicationContext
        .packageManager
        .getPackageInfo(reactApplicationContext.packageName, 0)
        .versionName ?: 'unknown'
}

Module Constants via getConstants

You can expose compile-time constants to JavaScript by overriding getConstants() in your module. Constants are transferred once at startup and are synchronously accessible as NativeModules.MyModule.CONSTANT_NAME with no async call needed. Use constants for fixed values like error codes, config flags, or platform identifiers.

override fun getConstants(): Map<String, Any> {
    return mapOf(
        'LONG_TOAST' to Toast.LENGTH_LONG,
        'SHORT_TOAST' to Toast.LENGTH_SHORT,
        'PLATFORM' to 'android'
    )
}

// In JavaScript:
// const { LONG_TOAST } = NativeModules.ToastModule;
// showToast('Hello!', LONG_TOAST);

Quick Check

Test your understanding of React Native Mobile Development concepts from this lesson.

Lesson Recap

In this lesson you learned: how to create a ReactContextBaseJavaModule in Kotlin, annotate methods with @ReactMethod to expose them to JavaScript, and register the module through a ReactPackage in MainApplication. You also saw how to return data using Promises and WritableMap. Next up we explore writing a legacy native module in Swift for iOS.

Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan

Apakah pelajaran “Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin” gratis?

Ya — teks lengkap “Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin” gratis dibaca di sini di web. Untuk praktiknya secara interaktif (editor kode bawaan dan tutor AI 24/7) dan buka sisa kursus React Native Academy, upgrade ke CoddyKit PRO. Kursus React Native Academy mencakup 4 pelajaran total.

Apa yang akan aku pelajari di “Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin”?

Buat ReactContextBaseJavaModule dalam Kotlin, beri anotasi pada sebuah method dengan @ReactMethod, tampilkan melalui ReactPackage, lalu panggil dari JavaScript. Kamu berlatih React Native Academy dengan kode praktik yang langsung kamu jalankan di browser, dan tutor AI 24/7 menjawab pertanyaanmu saat kamu mengerjakan pelajaran ini.

Apakah aku perlu pengalaman untuk memulai React Native Academy?

Tidak diperlukan pengalaman sebelumnya. React Native Academy di CoddyKit dirancang untuk pemula hingga pelajar tingkat lanjut, jadi kamu bisa memulai di sini atau dari awal dan belajar sesuai kecepatan kamu sendiri. Ini adalah pelajaran 1 dari 4.

Berapa lama pelajaran “Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin” memakan waktu?

Sebagian besar pelajaran CoddyKit memakan waktu sekitar 5–10 menit. Setiap pelajaran ringkas dan interaktif, jadi kamu membuat kemajuan stabil dan melanjutkan dari tempat kamu tinggalkan di web dan aplikasi.

Bisakah aku menulis dan menjalankan kode dalam pelajaran React Native Academy ini?

Ya. Setiap pelajaran React Native Academy menyertakan editor kode bawaan, jadi kamu menulis dan menjalankan kode nyata langsung di browser dan mendapatkan umpan balik AI instan — tidak diperlukan penyiapan lokal.

Semua pelajaran dalam kursus ini

  1. Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Kotlin
  2. Menulis Modul Native Lama dalam Swift
  3. Modul Native Turbo dengan JSI
  4. Callback Asinkron, Promise, dan Event dari Native
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