Perilaku Alur

Perhatian Lintas Fungsi

// One behavior runs around all handlers

IPipelineBehavior

public class LoggingBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>
    : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse>
    where TRequest : notnull
{
    public async Task<TResponse> Handle(
        TRequest request,
        RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next,
        CancellationToken ct)
    {
        // before
        var response = await next();
        // after
        return response;
    }
}

Delegasi Berikutnya

// [Behavior A in] -> [Behavior B in] -> [Handler]
//               <- [Behavior B out] <- [A out]

Perilaku Pencatatan Log

public async Task<TResponse> Handle(
    TRequest request,
    RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next,
    CancellationToken ct)
{
    var name = typeof(TRequest).Name;
    _logger.LogInformation("Handling {Name}", name);
    var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    var response = await next();
    _logger.LogInformation("{Name} took {Ms}ms", name, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
    return response;
}

Mendaftarkan Perilaku

builder.Services.AddTransient(
    typeof(IPipelineBehavior<,>),
    typeof(LoggingBehavior<,>));

Perilaku Validasi

public async Task<TResponse> Handle(
    TRequest request,
    RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next,
    CancellationToken ct)
{
    var context = new ValidationContext<TRequest>(request);
    var failures = _validators
        .Select(v => v.Validate(context))
        .SelectMany(r => r.Errors)
        .Where(f => f is not null)
        .ToList();
    if (failures.Count != 0)
        throw new ValidationException(failures);
    return await next();
}

Penghentian Awal

if (_cache.TryGet(key, out TResponse cached))
    return cached;          // handler never runs
var response = await next();
_cache.Set(key, response);
return response;

Mengurutkan Perilaku

services.AddTransient(typeof(IPipelineBehavior<,>), typeof(LoggingBehavior<,>));
services.AddTransient(typeof(IPipelineBehavior<,>), typeof(ValidationBehavior<,>));
services.AddTransient(typeof(IPipelineBehavior<,>), typeof(TransactionBehavior<,>));

Perilaku Transaksi

await using var tx = await _db.Database.BeginTransactionAsync(ct);
try
{
    var response = await next();
    await tx.CommitAsync(ct);
    return response;
}
catch
{
    await tx.RollbackAsync(ct);
    throw;
}

Menargetkan Permintaan Tertentu

public interface ITransactional { }
public record CreateOrderCommand(...) : IRequest<int>, ITransactional;

// where TRequest : ITransactional

Mengapa Perilaku Lebih Baik daripada Middleware

// Strongly typed, transport-independent cross-cutting logic

Pemeriksaan Singkat

Ringkasan