E2B y servicios de sandbox en la nube

¿Qué es E2B?

# Install the SDK
# pip install e2b-code-interpreter

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

sandbox = Sandbox()  # creates a new cloud sandbox
print('Sandbox ID:', sandbox.sandbox_id)

Ejecución de código en un sandbox

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

with Sandbox() as sandbox:
    result = sandbox.run_code('print(2 ** 10)')
    print(result.logs.stdout)   # ['1024']
    print(result.error)         # None if no error

Gestión de errores y excepciones

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

with Sandbox() as sandbox:
    result = sandbox.run_code('1 / 0')

    if result.error:
        print('Error name:', result.error.name)    # ZeroDivisionError
        print('Traceback:', result.error.traceback)
    else:
        print(result.logs.stdout)

Carga de archivos al sandbox

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

csv_content = 'name,score\nAlice,95\nBob,87\nCarol,92'

with Sandbox() as sandbox:
    sandbox.files.write('/home/user/data.csv', csv_content.encode())

    result = sandbox.run_code(
        'import csv\n'
        'rows = list(csv.DictReader(open("/home/user/data.csv")))\n'
        'print([r["name"] for r in rows])'
    )
    print(result.logs.stdout)   # ["['Alice', 'Bob', 'Carol']"]

Descarga de archivos del sandbox

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox
import json

with Sandbox() as sandbox:
    sandbox.run_code(
        'import json\n'
        'result = {"mean": 91.3, "max": 95}\n'
        'json.dump(result, open("/home/user/output.json", "w"))'
    )
    data = sandbox.files.read('/home/user/output.json')
    parsed = json.loads(data)
    print(parsed)  # {'mean': 91.3, 'max': 95}

Instalación de paquetes en tiempo de ejecución

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

with Sandbox() as sandbox:
    # Install pandas inside the sandbox
    sandbox.run_code('import subprocess; subprocess.run(["pip", "install", "pandas", "-q"])')

    # Now use pandas
    result = sandbox.run_code(
        'import pandas as pd\n'
        'df = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1,2,3], "y": [4,5,6]})\n'
        'print(df.describe())'
    )
    print(result.logs.stdout)

Sandboxes persistentes frente a efímeros

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

# Ephemeral (default context manager)
with Sandbox() as sb:
    sb.run_code('x = 42')
# Sandbox destroyed here

# Persistent: keep alive for N seconds
sb = Sandbox(timeout=300)  # keep alive 5 minutes
try:
    sb.run_code('import numpy as np')  # expensive import cached
    sb.run_code('arr = np.arange(1000)')
    result = sb.run_code('print(arr.mean())')
    print(result.logs.stdout)
finally:
    sb.kill()  # explicit cleanup

Reconexión a un sandbox en ejecución

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox

# First session
sb1 = Sandbox(timeout=300)
sb1.run_code('accumulated_data = []')
sandbox_id = sb1.sandbox_id
print('Created:', sandbox_id)

# Later — different process, same sandbox
sb2 = Sandbox.connect(sandbox_id)
result = sb2.run_code('accumulated_data.append(1); print(accumulated_data)')
print(result.logs.stdout)  # '[1]' — state preserved

sb2.kill()

Modelo de precios de E2B

# Cost-optimization patterns:

# 1. Use short timeouts for one-shot executions
with Sandbox(timeout=60) as sb:
    result = sb.run_code('print("done")')
    # Auto-kills after 60s if not killed first

# 2. Kill immediately after use
sb = Sandbox()
try:
    sb.run_code('process_data()')
finally:
    sb.kill()   # don't wait for timeout

# 3. Share one sandbox across multiple agent steps
#    instead of creating a new one per step

Uso de E2B en un bucle de agente

from e2b_code_interpreter import Sandbox
import openai

client = openai.OpenAI(api_key='YOUR_OPENAI_KEY')

def run_agent(user_question: str):
    with Sandbox(timeout=120) as sb:
        messages = [{'role': 'user', 'content': user_question}]

        for _ in range(5):  # max 5 turns
            resp = client.chat.completions.create(
                model='gpt-4o', messages=messages,
                tools=[{'type': 'function', 'function': {
                    'name': 'run_python',
                    'description': 'Execute Python in a secure sandbox',
                    'parameters': {'type': 'object',
                                   'properties': {'code': {'type': 'string'}},
                                   'required': ['code']}
                }}]
            )
            msg = resp.choices[0].message
            if msg.tool_calls:
                code = eval(msg.tool_calls[0].function.arguments)['code']
                result = sb.run_code(code)
                messages.append({'role': 'tool',
                                  'tool_call_id': msg.tool_calls[0].id,
                                  'content': str(result.logs.stdout)})
            else:
                return msg.content

Servicios de sandbox en la nube alternativos

¿Qué ocurre con las variables cuando un sandbox efímero de E2B sale de su gestor de contexto?

Resumen de los sandboxes en la nube de E2B