Intents und Navigation

Was ist ein Intent?

Expliziter Intent: Einen Bildschirm öffnen

// In your button click listener:
binding.btnGoToDetail.setOnClickListener {
    val intent = Intent(this, DetailActivity::class.java)
    startActivity(intent)
}

// To also close the current screen after navigating:
binding.btnLogin.setOnClickListener {
    val intent = Intent(this, HomeActivity::class.java)
    startActivity(intent)
    finish() // removes LoginActivity from back stack
}

Daten mit Extras übergeben

Extras übergeben und empfangen

// Sending Activity:
val intent = Intent(this, DetailActivity::class.java)
intent.putExtra("PRODUCT_ID", 42)
intent.putExtra("PRODUCT_NAME", "Laptop")
startActivity(intent)

// DetailActivity — receiving:
class DetailActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_detail)

        val id = intent.getIntExtra("PRODUCT_ID", -1)
        val name = intent.getStringExtra("PRODUCT_NAME") ?: ""
        // Use id and name to load data
    }
}

Implizite Intents

Häufige implizite Intents

import android.content.Intent
import android.net.Uri

// Open a web page
val webIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,
    Uri.parse("https://developer.android.com"))
startActivity(webIntent)

// Dial a phone number
val dialIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL,
    Uri.parse("tel:+15551234567"))
startActivity(dialIntent)

// Share text
val shareIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND).apply {
    type = "text/plain"
    putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Check out this app!")
}
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share via"))

Ergebnisse zurückerhalten

Beispiel für die Result API

import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private val pickImage = registerForActivityResult(
        ActivityResultContracts.GetContent()
    ) { uri ->
        // 'uri' is the selected image URI, or null if cancelled
        if (uri != null) {
            binding.ivPhoto.setImageURI(uri)
        }
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        // ...
        binding.btnPickPhoto.setOnClickListener {
            pickImage.launch("image/*")
        }
    }
}

Deep Links

Schnelltest

Zusammenfassung: Intents und Navigation