NestJS Enterprise Backend APIs · Lesson

DTOs and Validation Pipes

Implement Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) and use validation pipes to ensure incoming request data meets defined criteria.

Why Data Transfer Objects?

When building APIs, your application receives data from users. This data needs to be structured and safe.

Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) are plain classes that define the expected shape of the data coming into your application (e.g., from a request body) or going out (e.g., as a response).

Using DTOs helps with:

Clarity: Clearly shows what data is expected.
Consistency: Ensures data adheres to a specific format.
Security: Prevents unexpected or malicious data from being processed.

Defining a Simple DTO

A DTO is essentially a TypeScript class with properties that match the data you expect. It's a blueprint for your data.

Here's a basic example for creating a new product:

export class CreateProductDto {
  name: string;
  description: string;
  price: number;
}

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