Working with std::cerr and std::clog
Separate diagnostics and logs from program output using cerr and clog streams.
Three Output Streams
The standard library exposes three predefined output streams:
- std::cout — buffered standard output
- std::cerr — unbuffered standard error
- std::clog — buffered standard error
std::cerr: Errors and Warnings
std::cerr writes to stderr and is unbuffered — output appears immediately, even if the program crashes next.
std::cerr << "Error: file not found\n";All lessons in this course
- Using std::cin and std::cout Properly
- Formatting Output with iomanip
- Reading Input Safely with getline
- Working with std::cerr and std::clog