Browsers DNS and HTTP: The Request Lifecycle
Follow a URL from the address bar through DNS resolution, TCP connection, HTTP request, and server response back to the browser.
What Happens When You Type a URL?
Every time you visit a website, your browser kicks off a precise sequence of steps. Understanding this sequence makes you a better developer — you know where things can go wrong and how to speed them up.
Step 1 — DNS Resolution
DNS (Domain Name System) is the phone book of the internet. Your browser asks a DNS resolver: "What IP address is behind example.com?". The resolver checks caches and, if needed, queries authoritative name servers.
# DNS lookup chain
# Browser cache → OS cache → Router cache → ISP resolver → Root NS → TLD NS → Authoritative NSAll lessons in this course
- Browsers DNS and HTTP: The Request Lifecycle
- HTML CSS and JavaScript: Each Layer's Job
- How a Page Renders: Parsing DOM CSSOM Layout Paint
- Developer Tools: Opening and Using DevTools