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Cryptology Academy · Lesson

Hash Applications: Checksums, HMAC & Git

See hashes in password storage, data integrity, and version control.

Welcome

Hash functions serve three critical roles in real systems: verifying data integrity (checksums), authenticating messages (HMAC), and tracking code history (Git).

File Checksums

When downloading software, providers publish the SHA-256 hash. After downloading, you compute the hash and compare: sha256sum ubuntu-24.04.iso # Should match published value exactly

All lessons in this course

  1. What Makes a Good Hash Function
  2. MD5: History, Uses & Why It Is Broken
  3. SHA-1 & SHA-2 Family Explained
  4. Hash Applications: Checksums, HMAC & Git
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