Multi-Site Active-Active with Global Tables and Route 53
Run full production capacity in two or more Regions simultaneously using DynamoDB Global Tables, Aurora Global Database, and Route 53 latency routing.
Multi-Site Active-Active Defined
Multi-Site Active-Active is the highest tier of disaster recovery, where your application runs at full production capacity in two or more AWS regions simultaneously. Unlike active-passive where a standby waits to take over, in active-active both regions serve live user traffic at all times. When one region fails, the other absorbs 100% of traffic immediately with no failover delay. This pattern also reduces latency for globally distributed users by serving them from the nearest region.
# Active-Active traffic split (normal operation):
# us-east-1: serving ~50% of users (North America)
# eu-west-1: serving ~50% of users (Europe)
# Active-Active traffic split (us-east-1 failure):
# us-east-1: 0% (health check failed)
# eu-west-1: 100% (ASG scales up automatically)
# RTO: near-zero (DNS TTL propagation only)
# RPO: near-zero (with DynamoDB Global Tables)DynamoDB Global Tables Architecture
DynamoDB Global Tables is the data backbone of active-active architectures. Global Tables enable multi-master, multi-region replication — applications in any region can read and write to a local DynamoDB table, and changes replicate to all other regions within approximately 1 second. You enable Global Tables by specifying which regions the table should exist in. AWS handles all replication, conflict resolution (last-writer-wins), and failover automatically.
# Create DynamoDB table and add global regions
aws dynamodb create-table \
--table-name UserSessions \
--attribute-definitions AttributeName=userId,AttributeType=S \
--key-schema AttributeName=userId,KeyType=HASH \
--billing-mode PAY_PER_REQUEST \
--region us-east-1
# Add replica regions for Global Table
aws dynamodb update-table \
--table-name UserSessions \
--replica-updates '[{"Create":{"RegionName":"eu-west-1"}},{"Create":{"RegionName":"ap-southeast-1"}}]' \
--region us-east-1All lessons in this course
- RTO, RPO, and DR Tiers
- Backup and Restore
- Pilot Light and Warm Standby
- Multi-Site Active-Active with Global Tables and Route 53