Decomposing Monoliths

A monolithic application is built as a single, unified unit. All its components – user interface, business logic, and data access layer – are tightly coupled and run within a single process.

Think of it like a single, large building containing everything. They are simpler to develop initially but can become difficult to manage and scale as they grow.

In contrast, a microservices architecture breaks down an application into a collection of small, independent services. Each service runs in its own process and communicates with others, usually through lightweight mechanisms like an API.

• Independent: Services can be developed, deployed, and scaled on their own.
• Specialized: Each service focuses on a single business capability.
• Resilient: A failure in one service doesn't necessarily bring down the entire system.